中美外来留学研究生教育现状的比较研究——基于相关统计数据的分析  

A Comparative Study on the Status Quo of Postgraduate Education for International Students in China and the USA: Based on an analysis of relevant statistic data

作　　者：方宝[1] 韦健[1] FANG Bao;WEI Jian(Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanning,530200)

机构地区：[1]广西中医药大学

出　　处：《研究生教育研究》2019年第6期89-97,共9页Journal of Graduate Education

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“‘一带一路’背景下中国对东盟国家的教育外交战略研究”(19XGJ005)

摘　　要：加快发展来华留学研究生教育是进一步提升留学中国魅力,优化来华留学生教育结构和抢占国际人才红利的战略之需。与美国相比,当前我国的外来留学研究生教育规模仍存在较大差距;在留学生的学科领域分布方面,美国以自然科学为主,我国则集中于人文学科,并存在结构失衡问题。总体上,中美两国对亚洲生源的依赖性都比较显著,而我国对亚洲国家高层次留学生的吸引力相对不足;在留学生经费资助上,美国则更为灵活多样。针对来华留学生教育发展所存在的相对不足,着眼未来,我们应进一步扩大高等教育对外开放水平,推进高校师资和课程的国际化;同时实施多样化的奖学金政策,赋予高校更多资助自主权,并建构更具吸引力的实践学习制度。To speed up the development of the international postgraduate education is a strategic requirement for China to further enhance its attraction to international students,optimize the mix of international students studying in China and compete for the dividend of international talent.In comparison with the USA,the scale of the international postgraduate education in China still lags behind at present.In terms of the student distribution in the field of disciplines,international students concentrate mainly on natural sciences in the USA,while in China,they concentrate on humanities.In addition,the mix is unbalanced.In general,both China and the USA are obviously dependent on Asian student source and China is relatively less attractive to high-level students in Asian countries.In terms of funding assistance to international students,the USA has more ways and flexible.In view of the relative shortages of China in its development of international student education,this paper suggests a farsighted vision to the future,proposing a further enhancement of the level of opening up and pushing ahead internationalization of faculty and curriculum in higher education.At the same time,this paper also proposes to implement policies on diversified scholarships,authorize more autonomy power to universities in funding international students and create a more attractive practical learning system.

关 键 词：外来留学生教育 留学研究生 中美对比分析 

分 类 号：G649.3/.7[文化科学—高等教育学]