一氧化氮抑制果蔬病害研究进展  

Research advance on nitric oxide inhibiting diseases in fruits and vegetables

作　　者：杨睿 林小翠 窦媛 朱丽琴[1,2] 陈金印 YANG Rui;LIN Xiaocui;DOU Yuan;ZHU Liqin;CHEN Jinyin(College of Food Science and Engineering,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi China;Provincial Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Non-destructive Detection on Fruit and Vegetable,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学食品科学与工程学院,南昌330045 [2]江西省果蔬保鲜与无损检测重点实验室,南昌330045

出　　处：《果树学报》2019年第11期1591-1599,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（31560219）;江西省自然科学基金（20151BAB204029）;江西省教育厅科技计划项目（GJJ18020）

摘　　要：一氧化氮(NO)作为一种重要的信号分子,在果蔬成熟衰老和抗病应答中起着非常重要的作用。果蔬病害是造成采后损失的重要原因,果蔬病害可分为生理性病害和侵染性病害。大量研究表明,采用外源NO处理采后果蔬能够起到较好的防腐保鲜效果。本文结合最新研究成果和作者的研究工作,概述了NO在果蔬保鲜和调控果蔬生理性病害和侵染性病害方面的研究进展,并总结和展望了NO对果蔬贮藏期间病害的调控机制。Nitric oxide(NO),as an important signal molecule,has been reported to play a very important role in postharvest ripening and disease resistance in fruits and vegetables.Postharvest diseases are the important cause of postharvest loss of fruits and vegetables.There are physiological diseases and infectious diseases.Chemical reagents are generally used to treat the postharvest fruits and vegetables for disease control,but this may cause harmful effects on human health.The application of exogenous NO has been reported to induce disease resistance in postharvest fruits and vegetables,which provides a sustainable and safe approach in the control of postharvest decay.The quality of postharvest fruits and vegetables is related to respiratory intensity,VC content,moisture content,soluble solids and hardness.Exogenous NO treatment is effective to inhibit the respiration rate and chlorophyll degradation in fruits and vegetables,delay the decline of VC,soluble solids and hardness,and reduce the loss of water.Therefore,the commodity and edible values of fruits and vegetables are well maintained.Low-temperature storage is widely practiced to control the quality deterioration of various plant products.It reduces the rate of cell metabolism and delays the process of ripening and senescence.However,some tropical or subtropical fruits and vegetables are susceptible to chilling injury.NO treatment inhibits the occurrence of chilling injury in postharvest fruits and vegetables such as peaches,bananas,cucumbers and tomatoes.Researchers have revealed the mechanism of NO inducing chilling tolerance of postharvest fruits and vegetables through active oxygen metabolism,proline metabolism,energy metabolism and membrane lipid metabolism.NO also induces chilling tolerance by regulating the expression of related genes.The CBF anti-cold pathway is considered to be the most critical and well-researched pathway for cold response in plants,and the CBF genes are the hub of this pathway.The CBF genes may play an upstream role in regulating the ex

关 键 词：果蔬 NO 保鲜 病害 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]