试点方法:学校发展的中国经验  

Pilot Approach: Chinese Experience of Elementary and Primary Schools′ Development

作　　者：郑玉飞[1] ZHENG Yu-fei(School of Education Science,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学教育科学学院

出　　处：《山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2019年第6期96-102,共7页Journal of Shanxi University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题“特色学校群体演变机制的实证研究”(BHA170144)

摘　　要：学校发展中常用的试点方法是一种具有中国特色的工作方法,以局部试验带动整体变化的教育发展方式。试点方法在学校发展中的广泛运用,帮助我国形成了低风险的教育发展道路、低成本的教育治理策略以及多样化的学校发展成绩。历史经验、教育现实及自身的中介作用促使试点方法成为一种常用的教育发展方法。然而,在学校发展的现实中,试点方法常常被误用,表现在不能恰当处理成败自然与只见成功、主要矛盾与次要矛盾、由点到面与一步到位、自主发展与行政驱动等几对矛盾关系。科学运用试点方法,需从增强试点方法的科学性、激发试点探索的内驱力、恰当借助外部推动力量等几方面入手,以充分发挥试点方法推动学校发展的功用。A tentative action with Chinese characteristic called pilot approach prevails in the development of schools.It is an education development way that can promote whole change by the part tests. Its extensive application in school development helps to create a low-risk Chinese education development road,low-cost education governance pattern and diversity school development achievement.In China,historical experience and educational reality and its bridge function between theory and practice promote the pilot approach to become a common way to education development. However, in the reality of school development, the pilot approach is often misused.It manifests itself in the inappropriate handling of the relationship between success and failure, major and minor contradictions, point-to-face and all-at-once, self-development and administrative drive. In order to give full play to the function of the pilot in promoting the development of schools.We should strengthen the scientificity of the pilot approach, stimulate the internal driving force of the pilot exploration and properly use the external driving force.

关 键 词：学校发展 试点方法 先试先行 由点到面 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]