技术转移、新产品开发与企业绩效  

Technology transfer,new product development and firm performance

作　　者：徐国军[1] 杨建君[1] Xu Guojun;Yang Jianjun(School of Management,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学管理学院

出　　处：《科研管理》2019年第11期146-154,共9页Science Research Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目:“企业关键共性技术合作创新中技术知识的共享与创造研究”(71572139,2016.01-2019.12)

摘　　要：本文聚焦中国情境下制造业和高新技术企业的新产品开发过程,研究合作伙伴间两种不同的技术转移方式对技术接收企业绩效的影响,并探索新产品创新性及新产品开发速度的中介作用。同时,引入实际吸收能力作为调节变量,构建了理论模型。之后,运用249家企业的调研数据进行模型验证。研究表明,相对于技术交流而言,技术转移对技术接收企业新产品开发速度及企业绩效的正向影响均更加显著。相对于技术转移而言,技术交流对技术接收企业新产品创新性的正向影响更加显著。技术接收企业新产品创新性在技术交流与企业绩效之间起中介作用。技术接收企业新产品开发速度在技术转移与企业绩效之间起中介作用。同时,技术接收企业实际吸收能力增强了新产品创新性对技术交流与企业绩效的中介效应。With the intensification of global competition,the acceleration of technological change and the surge of market demand,enterprises have realized that they should not only promote knowledge sharing among employees and departments,but also carry out inter-organizational knowledge transfer,so as to expand their knowledge base and improve their performance. Although studies have found that knowledge transfer between enterprises can help knowledge recipients to obtain higher sales,improve product profit margin,market share and operating efficiency. However,few literature have deeply explored the influence of knowledge transfer and its complexity on the performance of knowledge recipients. Technology can be regarded as a form of knowledge. Acquiring and integrating technology from external knowledge sources is the key factor for enterprises to enhance their own technical capabilities and establish competitive advantages.Firstly,literature suggests that there are differences in the scope and level of knowledge involved in technical exchange and technology transfer. The former is a discrete proprietary technology used to solve a specific engineering problem and tends to transfer relatively narrow and simple information resources. The latter is often a collection of techniques,approaches,and designs to solve a set of technical challenges that involve higher-level capabilities in the enterprise. Thus,it is a good supplement to the literature to compare the impact of technical exchange and technology transfer on the performance of technology recipients from the perspective of technology.Secondly,how do technical exchange and technology transfer affect the performance of technology recipients? The literature on knowledge transfer and enterprises’ performance mainly interprets its influence mechanism from the perspective of organizational learning and knowledge creation. However,technical exchange and technology transfer involve more technology exchange activities between enterprises,which will especially affect the develop

关 键 词：技术交流 技术转移 新产品创新性 新产品开发速度 实际吸收能力 

分 类 号：F270.7[经济管理—企业管理]