循证学校改革：美国基础教育改革路径探索  

The Evidence-Based School Reform:A Probe into the Approaches to the Basic Education Reform in the US

作　　者：李华 程晋宽[1] Li Hua;Cheng Jinkuan(School of Education Science,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学教育科学学院

出　　处：《教育研究》2019年第10期62-73,共12页Educational Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究2017年度规划基金项目“创新发展视野下美国高中多样化发展路径研究”（项目编号：17YJA880013）的研究成果

摘　　要：基础教育循证学校改革,是教育决策科学化的重要体现,也是数字时代学校教育改革重视以科学证据改进学校效能和教育投资有效性的重要表征,已成为美国基础教育学校改革的主流路径。美国基础教育循证学校改革业已形成"基于证据+循证干预+循证决策+最佳结果"理论模型,其经验与教训对我国基础教育高质量发展与均衡发展具有镜鉴价值。基础教育优质均衡发展似可以循证决策作为现代化学校改革的指导原则,提高学校教育有效性应鼓励教育循证研究的开展并建立科学证据网站和数据平台,循证学校改革成功实施需要政策支持、竞争性拨款激励和问责制推动。The evidence-based school reform in basic education,an important presentation of both scientific educational decision-making and the emphasis on the evidence-based improvement of school effectiveness and investment in education during the school reform in the digital era,has become a mainstream approach to primary and secondary school reforms in the US,and a theoretical model of "presentation of evidence + evidence-based intervention +evidence-based decision-making + the best result." The experience of the school reform and its lessons can be used for reference in the high-quality and balanced development of China’s basic education. Therefore,evidence-based educational decision-making can be used as a guiding principle for modern school reform;the effective improvement of school education requires the evidence-based research into education and the establishment of a website and a data platform for scientific evidence;and the successful evidence-based school reform requires policy support,incentive funding and an accountability system.

关 键 词：美国 基础教育 循证学校改革 循证决策 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]