高速铁路隧道内列车交会压力波气动载荷分布特性  

Aerodynamic Load Distribution Characteristics of Pressure Wave When Trains Passing Each Other in High-Speed Railway Tunnel

作　　者：梅元贵[1] 李绵辉 郭瑞[1] MEI Yuangui;LI Mianhui;GUO Rui(Gansu Province Engineering Laboratory of Rail Transit Mechanics Application,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学甘肃省轨道交通力学应用工程实验室

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2019年第6期60-67,共8页China Railway Science

基　　金：中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划课题(2016T004-A)

摘　　要：针对中国标准动车组以350 km·h^-1速度通过隧道,采用一维非定常可压缩不等熵流动模型和广义黎曼变量特征线法,在验证源代码程序合理和准确的基础上,对比单列车通过和2列车等速中央交会时隧道中央测点的压力变化、隧道空间和全时间区域内的压力场分布图、列车离开隧道后压力波传播规律,并获得洞内各测点的最大正负压和最大压力峰峰值。在此基础上,研究隧道长度、阻塞比、编组辆数和列车速度对隧道内压力的影响特性。结果表明:隧道交会压力波与列车驶入驶出隧道诱发的压缩波和膨胀波的反射及叠加密切相关,且隧道交会压力波随阻塞比、编组辆数和列车速度的增大而增大;2列车等速隧道中央交会处的压力最值明显大于隧道内其他位置,是洞口附近位置的2.0~2.7倍;隧道长度为1.0,2.5,5.0和10.0 km时,列车速度为400 km·h^-1时隧道内最大压力峰峰值是其为250和350 km·h^-1时的2.7~4.1倍和1.3~1.5倍。Aiming at Chinese standard EMUs passing through tunnels at the speed of 350 km·h^-1, on the basis of verifying the reasonableness and accuracy of source code program, one-dimensional unsteady compressible non-isentropic flow model and generalized Riemann variable characteristic line method were adopted to compare the changes of pressure at the central measuring points of tunnels, the distribution of pressure field in tunnel space and the whole time area, and the propagation law of pressure wave after the train left the tunnel under the conditions of single train passing through and two trains crossing at the center of tunnel with the same speed. The maximum positive and negative pressures and the maximum pressure peak-to-peak value of each measuring point in the tunnel were obtained. On this basis, the influencing characteristics of tunnel length, blockage ratio, the number of marshalling trains and train speed on the pressure in tunnel were studied. Results show that the pressure wave when trains crossing in tunnel is closely related to the reflection and superposition of compression wave and expansion wave induced by train entering and leaving tunnel, and increases with the increase of blockage ratio, the number of marshalling trains and train speed. The maximum pressure when two trains crossing at the center of tunnel with the same speed is obviously larger than those at other positions in tunnel, which is 2.0~2.7 times of that at the position near the entrance of the tunnel. When the length of the tunnel is 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 km, the maximum pressure peak-to-peak value in the tunnel at the train speed of 400 km·h^-1 is 2.7~4.1 and 1.3~1.5 times of that at the train speed of 250 and 350 km·h^-1 respectively.

关 键 词：高速铁路隧道 中国标准动车组 列车交会 空气压力波 气动载荷 

分 类 号：U451.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]