某轿车车门轻量化与疲劳寿命多目标综合优化  

Multi-objective optimization of lightweight and fatigue life for car door

作　　者：龙岩[1,2] 蒋凌山 刘雪强 熊海林 陈志勇 钟慧卿[2] LONG Yan;JIANG Lingshan;LIU Xueqiang;XIONG Hailin;CHEN Zhiyong;ZHONG Huiqing(State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China;Department of Technology Development,FAW-Volkswagen Automotive Co.Ltd.,Changchun 130011,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室,吉林长春130022 [2]一汽-大众汽车有限公司技术开发部,吉林长春130011

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第11期2732-2742,共11页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB0106200)~~

摘　　要：为了提高某轿车车门的综合性能,对车门总成进行轻量化和疲劳寿命的多目标综合优化设计。首先建立并试验验证车身及车门总成有限元模型,基于模型分析车门总成装备件质量、结构尺寸、刚度和安装位置等8项参数对车门疲劳寿命的影响;然后,以这8项参数作为优化设计变量建立车门总成多目标综合优化参数模型,以车门总成质量和疲劳寿命为优化目标,以车门框刚度为约束条件,应用多目标粒子群优化算法对车门总成进行综合优化计算,得到Pareto最优解集,依据工程实际选取1组最优解,并依此进行样件试验以验证优化方法的有效性。研究结果表明:在保证车门总成刚度和提高疲劳寿命的同时,车门总成质量减少2.44 kg,说明优化方法是有效的。In order to improve the performance of a domestic car door synthetic,a multi-objective optimization method considering lightweight and fatigue life was implemented.Firstly,the finite element models(FEM)of car body and door were established and validated by test.Based on FEM,eight parameters that have effect on car door fatigue life were calculated and analyzed,which include mass,structure parameters,stiffness,positioning errors and so on.Then,a car door parametric optimization model was established,in which the eight parameters were used as the design variables.The mass and fatigue life were defined as the optimization objective,and the door stiffness was taken as the constraints,with the particle swarm algorithm being adopted to perform the multiobjective optimization of car door.The Pareto optimal set was obtained and one of the optimal solutions was selected by sample test to validate the effectiveness of the optimization method.The results show that the mass of the optimized door is reduced by 2.44 kg,while door stiffness and fatigue life satisfy the design requirement,which indicates that the optimization method is effective.

关 键 词：疲劳寿命 轻量化 刚度 粒子群优化 

分 类 号：U463.834[机械工程—车辆工程]