汽车涉水车身表面污染仿真及控制  

Simulation and control of pollution on automobile body surface during wading

作　　者：辛俐 兰巍[2] 刘江 万沁林 郭鹏[1] 胡兴军[2] 肖阳[2] XIN Li;LAN Wei;LIU Jiang;WAN Qin-lin;GUO Peng;HU Xing-jun;XIAO Yang(College of Automotive Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China;State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学汽车工程学院,长春130022 [2]吉林大学汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室,长春130022

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2019年第6期1786-1794,共9页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目（50805062）;吉林省重大科技支撑计划项目（20096005）;吉林大学研究生创新基金项目（419100202556）

摘　　要：针对汽车涉水时车身表面污染的问题,选取改型方背式米拉模型为研究对象,利用DPM离散相模型和欧拉壁面液膜模型相结合,得到液滴运动的轨迹和车身表面污染的分布,并分析车身表面污染产生的机理。在原模型基础上,提出增加车尾底部扰流板、车尾顶部导流片和轮罩护板3种改良方案,以此改变流场结构从而改变液滴的运动轨迹,减轻车身表面污染程度。仿真结果表明:车尾顶部导流片能够较好地控制气流走向,从而减弱特定区域污染程度;底部扰流板改变了尾流形状,减小车身背部污染面积;轮罩护板减少轮腔中飞出的液滴数,有效减少了车身侧壁污染。This research aims to solve the problems of vehicle soiling during wading and a modified squareback MIRA model is selected as the research object.The discrete phase model and Eulerian wall film are used to obtain the droplet trajectory and vehicle surface pollution distribution and to analyze the mechanism of surface contamination.Based on the original model,three improvements were proposed,the bottom spoiler,top tail deflector and wheel house shield,to change the structure of the flow field so as to change the droplet trajectory and reduce the surface contamination of the vehicle body.Simulation results show that the top tail deflector can better control the flow direction,thereby reducing the degree of contamination in a specific area.The bottom spoiler changes the shape of the wake and reduces the contamination of the back surface.The wheel house shield reduces the number of droplets flying out of the wheel cavity,effectively reducing body side wall contamination.

关 键 词：汽车空气动力学 车轮溅水 DPM模型 欧拉壁面液膜 车身表面污染 

分 类 号：U461.1[机械工程—车辆工程]