后苏联小说中的自传性童年书写——以俄罗斯“三十岁一代”作家为例  

Autobiographical Narration of Childhood in Post-USSR Era: Examples of the “Generation of Russian Writers in Their 30s”

作　　者：张俊翔[1] Zhang Junxiang(School of Foreign Studies,Nanjing University,Nanjing,China,210023)

机构地区：[1]南京大学外国语学院

出　　处：《当代外国文学》2019年第3期59-68,共10页Contemporary Foreign Literature

摘　　要：童年是后苏联时代俄罗斯文学的发生动力之一,不少作家都把自身的童年当作标志性的创作素材和重要的审美对象。本文以"三十岁一代"作家的小说为例,分析自传性童年书写的依据、类型和特征。该创作族群追忆童年,旨在基于纪实与想象的交织、个人情志与集体记忆的融合表达对纯真本我的认同,揭露心灵的创伤。今昔关联的童年回忆机制在叙事层面体现为儿童视角与成人视角的转换,在意义层面既重塑个体的日常生活,又为社会历史的发展提供注脚,凸显了生命话语的实质和社会话语的特征。Childhood is one of the major themes in post-USSR Russian literature.Many writers use their own childhood experiences as materials for literary creation.In this article, the author analyzes novels written by the "generation of Russian writers currently in their 30s" to explore the roots, types and features of their autobiographical childhood narration.By reflecting on their childhood and integrating imagination with reality, personal retrospect with collective memories, these writers attempt to reclaim selfhood and reveal personal as well as collective traumas.The link between the past and the present in childhood memories underpins the constant shift in their narrative voice from child to adult.Individual daily lives are portrayed to provide footnotes for social-historical change and foreground the mechanism of existential and social discourses.

关 键 词：“三十岁一代”作家 自传性童年书写 原型 情感基调 叙事视角 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]