可溶性纤维水平和n-6、n-3多不饱和脂肪酸比例对生长兔消化和健康的影响  

Effects of soluble fiber level and n-6,n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio on digestion and health of growing rabbits

作　　者：安芳芳[1] 徐端红[1] AN Fangfang;XU Duanhong(Henan Vocational College of Agriculture,Zhengzhou,Henan Province 451450,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业职业学院

出　　处：《中国饲料》2019年第22期101-106,共6页China Feed

摘　　要：文章旨在研究日粮中添加可溶性纤维和n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸比例的或两者的交互作用对断奶后肉兔消化和免疫反应的影响。试验日粮采用2×2共4组设计,即在干物质基础上采用高水平可溶性纤维(130 g/kg)和低水平可溶性纤维(78 g/kg)和两种不同的n-6/n-3脂肪酸比例(13.4:1和3.5:1)。其中选用518头26 d断奶的肉兔在26~39 d饲喂试验日粮,之后饲喂商品饲料用于评估死亡率。在第3个试验中选择56只肉兔用于测定39~42 d粪便养分消化率。第4个试验用于评估回肠养分消化率、消化器官重量、盲肠pH以及免疫相关基因表达。结果显示:高可溶性纤维饲料组死亡率较低可溶性纤维组显著降低87%(P <0.05)。而n-6/n-3对死亡率无显著影响(P> 0.05)。高水平可溶性纤维组肉兔采食量下降8%,显著提高饲料效率(P <0.05)。可溶性纤维水平的升高显著降低粪便表观消化率(P <0.05)。随着可溶性纤维水平的增加使回肠纤维消化率提高1倍,粪便消化率提高40%(P <0.05),而n-6/n-3降低显著降低空肠粘蛋白含量(P <0.05)。高可溶性纤维日粮组较低可溶性纤维日粮组肝脏相对重量降低6%(P <0.05)。与低可溶性纤维高n-6/n-3日粮组相比,其他3组盲肠pH降低10%(P <0.05)。日粮可溶性纤维水平和n-6/n-3对盲肠IL-8基因mRNA相对表达水平的影响具有显著交互作用(P <0.05),其中低可溶性纤维低n-6/n-3组表达量显著降低(P <0.05)。结论 :日粮可溶性纤维水平的提高改善生长肉兔肠道健康,但在可接受阈值下并没有降低死亡率,而加入n-3多不饱和脂肪酸对肠道健康无显著改善作用。The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary addition of soluble fiber and n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio or their interaction on the digestion and immune response of meat rabbits after weaning.Test diet using 2×2 design,a total of four groups,namely on the basis of dry matter,soluble fiber using high level(130 g/kg)and low soluble fiber(78 g/kg)and two kinds of different proportion of n-6/n-3 fatty acids(13.4:1 and 3.5:1).Among them,518 rabbits weaned at 26 d were fed with experimental diet at 26-39 d,followed by commercial feed to assess mortality.In the third experiment,56 rabbits were selected for the determination of fecal nutrient digestibility at 39~42 days.A fourth trial assessed nutrient digestibility in the ileum,digestive organ weight,caecal pH,and immune-related gene expression.The results showed that the mortality rate in the high-soluble fiber feed group was significantly reduced by 87%(P<0.05)compared with that in the low-soluble fiber feed group.n-6/n-3 ratio had no significant effect on mortality(P>0.05).The feed intake of meat rabbits in the high level soluble fiber group decreased by 8%,and significantly improved the feed efficiency(P<0.05).The increase of soluble fiber level significantly reduced the apparent digestibility of feces(P<0.05).With the increase of soluble fiber level,the digestibility of ileum fiber was doubled,and the digestibility of feces was increased by 40%(P<0.03),while the decrease of n-6/n-3 ratio significantly reduced the mucin content of jejunum(P<0.05).Liver weight was reduced by 6%in the high-soluble fiber diet compared with the low-soluble fiber diet(P<0.05).Compared with the low-soluble fiber and high-n-6/n-3 diet group,the pH value of cecum in the other three groups was reduced by 10%(P<0.05).Dietary soluble fiber level and n-6/n-3 ratio have a significant interaction effect on the relative expression level of il-8 gene mRNA in cecum(P<0.05),among which the expression level of low-soluble fiber group with low n-6/n-3 ratio is significan

关 键 词：可溶性纤维 多不饱和脂肪酸 兔 肠道健康 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]