论宋以后心藏象的形上化本体化路径  

Metaphysical and ontological trends in interpreting visceral manifestation of heart since Song Dynasty

作　　者：谷建军 Gu Jianjun(School of Chinese medicine,Beijing University of Traional Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中医学院

出　　处：《北京中医药大学学报》2019年第10期802-807,共6页Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(No.13BZX035)~~

摘　　要：随着宋明理学的兴起,宋以后医学学理呈现了鲜明的哲学化取向,人体脏腑逐渐脱离了实体的存在意义而概念化、形上化。医学之"心"是一个哲学范畴,宋以后医学所经历的是一个将"心"彻底形上化的路径,主要表现在心功能的形上化,以君火为心之用;心范畴的扩展,君相合一;心君的本体化,心为太极;心藏象的去实体化等几个方面。医学在尽力寻找心实体作用的替代者,力图使其摆脱"器"的层次,强调其"道"的本体特征,进而完成了从形上层面覆盖形下的藏象理论模式建构。这些思想表明医学理论的关注点向脏腑形上功能的最终转化,同时也使临床医学辨证论治方式方法发生相应变化。With the rise of Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties,medical theories tended to be philosophical,among which the concepts of zang-fu organs were gradually separated from the entity significance and presented conceptually and metaphysically.The heart in TCM has been discussed in the philosophical scope.After the Song Dynasty,the TCM heart has undergone a path of complete philosophization,mainly manifested in the following aspects:the heart function is metaphysically sumarized as monarch fire;the concept of heart is expanded as a unification of the monarch fire and the ministerial fire;the heart is changed to be ontological as tai chi;the heart is no longer viewed as a physical organ.A replacement for the heart's physical function is constantly sought,so as to lift the heart out of the"matter"level and emphasize its ontological characteristics of"Tao",thus completing the construction of a philosophical visceral manifestation theory model.These thoughts indicate that the focus of TCM theory is ultimately transforming to the metaphysical functions of the zang-fu organs,which leads to corresponding changes in clinical pattern identification and treatment.

关 键 词：心藏象 君火 相火 本体 太极 

分 类 号：R223.11[医药卫生—中医基础理论]