碳纤维车体地铁列车车内噪声分析  

Analysis of Interior Noise of the Carbon Fiber Car Body Metro

作　　者：田彩 张捷[1] 李志辉[1] 蒋文杰 郭建强 肖新标[1] TIAN Cai;ZHANG Jie;LI Zhihui;JIANG Wenjie;GUO Jianqiang;XIAO Xinbiao(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266000,Shandong China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031 [2]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2019年第6期106-111,146,共7页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFB1201103)

摘　　要：碳纤维材料在减重、强度、可设计性等多个方面具有巨大优势,在轨道交通领域有很大的应用前景。针对国内一种新型碳纤维车体地铁列车,基于试验方法,对比分析碳纤维车体和铝型材车体的车内噪声差异、关键部件的声振特性差异;通过建立车内噪声仿真分析模型,分析碳纤维车体隔声和振动对车内噪声的影响,进而探讨碳纤维车体在轻量化和声学性能优化上的相关问题。研究结果表明:碳纤维车体的车内噪声比铝型材车体的车内噪声高1.6 dB(A);碳纤维车体地板的隔声量比铝型材地板低3dB,振动加速度级比铝型材地板高3dB;碳纤维车厢的车内噪声主要受到地板隔声影响;在碳纤维地板上增加5mm隔声垫可使得其隔声量与铝型材地板相近,此时碳纤维车厢仍可减重20%,但车内噪声则和铝型材车体相当。相关研究成果可以为地铁列车的轻量化设计提供参考。A new type of carbon fiber car body metro in China is studied.Through the field test method,the differences of the interior noise characteristics,transmission loss and vibration characteristics of the key components between the carbon fiber car body and the aluminum car body are analyzed.The interior noise simulation model is established.The influence of the transmission loss and vibration characteristics of the carbon fiber car body on the interior noise is clarified,and then the design problem of the carbon fiber car body in terms of weight reduction and acoustic performance optimization is discussed.The results show that the interior noise of carbon fiber car body is 1.6 dB(A)higher than that of aluminum car body,the transmission loss of the carbon fiber floor is 3 dB lower than that of the aluminum floor,and the value of the vibration acceleration level of the carbon fiber floor is 3 dB higher than that of the aluminum floor.The interior noise of carbon fiber metro body is mainly affected by the transmission loss of the floor.Adding 5 mm soundproof mat to the carbon fiber floor can make its transmission loss close to that of the aluminum floor,and the weight of the carbon fiber car body can still reduce 20%in comparison with the aluminum car body,but the interior noise is equivalent to that of the aluminum car body.The conclusions can provide references for the lightweight design of subway trains.

关 键 词：声学 碳纤维车体 地铁车内噪声 隔声量 轻量化设计 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]