机器人会有“同理心”吗？——基于儒家情感伦理学的视角  

Do Robots Have Empathy? From the Perspective of Confucian Ethics of Qing

作　　者：付长珍[1] FU Changzhen

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学哲学系

出　　处：《哲学分析》2019年第6期34-43,191,共11页Philosophical Analysis

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“伦理学知识体系的当代中国重建”(项目编号：19ZDA033);国家社科基金一般项目“中国现代伦理话语建构路向研究”(项目编号：18BZX106)资助

摘　　要：人工智能(AI)所开启的人类与类人类共处的生存际遇,是否意味着一种新文明的突破?从儒家情感伦理学的视角来看,单向度的机器人由于脱离亲身实践的伦常关系,缺乏社会生存的经验累积,机器人的情感——只是面临不同情境的表现状态,而非实有诸己的情感能力。无论机器人如何“人性化”,都难以建立与生命息息相通的同理心与意义世界。因此,无论奇点是否终将来临,人类都应该更加关注人的类本质和尊严,开掘属人的人性能力和情感独特性,守护人与机器人的分际与相际。面对后人类时代的新型伦理关系,儒家情感伦理学或许仍然可以对人类文明产生积极影响。Does the coexistence of human being and artificial intelligence mean a breakthrough of new civilization?Contemporary sentimentalism ethicists believe that no matter how humanized a robot is,it is impossible for AI to build a meaningful world with empathy that is closely linked to life.From the perspective of Confucian ethics,the robot’s emotion is only the performance state of facing different situations rather than actually having empathy abilities,because the one-dimensional robot is separated from the ethical relations of personal practice and the experience of social survival.Therefore,whether or not the singularity will come,human beings should pay more attention to the human nature and dignity,explore the human ability and emotional uniqueness,the Guardian and the separation between the robot and the inter-phase.In the face of the new ethical relationship in the post-human era,Confucian emotional ethics may still have a positive impact on human civilization.

关 键 词：人工智能 机器人 同理心 接应性(receptivity) 儒家情感伦理学 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]