探析医患沟通中避免话语角色冲突的修辞运用  

Analysis of Using Rhetoric in Doctor-patient Communication to Avoid Discourse Role Conflict

作　　者：张颖 ZHANG Ying(The Fifth Clinical College of Medicine,Peking University Health Science Center,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部第五临床医学院

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2019年第23期51-53,64,共4页Medicine and Philosophy

摘　　要：医患关系的良好构建很大程度上依赖于正确的沟通,而医患间的话语角色冲突常常导致医患沟通失败、医患关系紧张。本文从社会心理修辞学和认知修辞学的角度出发,分析医患沟通中角色冲突产生的原因包括角色内冲突与角色间冲突,阐释避免话语角色冲突的修辞运用的必要性,探讨医生在一些场景中的恰当与不恰当的修辞方法,并总结了医生避免话语角色冲突的修辞原则即修辞行为应当与医生角色、医患关系、高尚医德、社会审美心理相适应。医生与患者进行沟通时,如果能恰当地运用修辞方法,不仅可以提高沟通效率,还可以有效地避免话语角色冲突,进而构建和谐的医患关系。A perfect doctor-patient relationship depends largely on proper communication between the doctors and patients,however,the discourse role conflict which usually happens between them always leads to the communication failure as well as increasingly tense doctor-patient relationship.From the perspective of psychosocial rhetoric and cognitive rhetoric,this paper analyzes the reasons of role conflict in doctor-patient communication which include and expound the special necessity of the application of rhetoric in order to avoid discourse role conflict in doctor-patient communication.This paper also discusses both the appropriate and the inappropriate rhetorical methods from some doctors in the certain scenarios.At the end of this paper,it summarizes the rhetorical principles for doctors to avoid discourse role conflict if possible,which contain the rhetorical behavior should be consistent with the role of doctors,doctor-patient relationship,noble medical ethics and social aesthetic psychology.If doctors are able to use rhetoric appropriately when they communicate with their patients,they can not only improve the efficiency of doctor-patient communication,but also effectively avoid the discourse role conflict,thus the doctors are able to build a harmonious relationship with their patients.

关 键 词：医患沟通 修辞 话语角色冲突 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]