高速铁路堤堑防风过渡段气动分析与工程优化  

Aerodynamic Analysis and Engineering Optimization of the Transition of High-speed Railway Embankment-cutting Windproof Structures

作　　者：李鲲[1] LI Kun(China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.Ltd,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710043,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司

出　　处：《铁道工程学报》2019年第10期23-26,87,共5页Journal of Railway Engineering Society

基　　金：中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(院科15-04)

摘　　要：研究目的:兰新高铁在联调联试及大风专项试验期间,高速列车通过不同防风工程过渡段时,工程边界的变化引发列车气动性能产生急剧变化,进而导致车体晃动。本文对兰新高铁路堤到路堑的防风工程过渡段的气动特性进行研究,探明突变边界引发的风切变机制及演化规律,针对过渡段风流场的突变环节提出完善的、可实施的工程优化方案,并对工程效果进行对比分析,为优化工程的实施提供依据。研究结论:(1)列车通过不同防风工程过渡段时,头车、中车、尾车侧向力与倾覆力矩增幅明显,遮蔽区内流场结构及风速、风向的变化导致列车气动性能发生较大变化,进而影响列车的稳定舒适性;(2)以过渡段风场变化规律研究为基础,对于典型的路堤到路堑的防风工程过渡段,提出了加高过渡段挡风墙的工程优化措施,列车通过时侧向力与倾覆力矩幅值明显降低且变化缓和,优化效果明显;(3)对于其他更为复杂的防风工程过渡段,需重视不同结构过渡边界引发的风切变机制及演化规律的研究,重点从改善突变流场结构入手,结合地形地貌及工程条件因地制宜地采取工程优化措施;(4)本研究结论可为高速铁路防风工程过渡段的计算、设计及工程优化提供参考。Research purposes:During the joint debugging and commissioning and the special wind test of the Lanzhou-Urumqi high-speed railway,the change of engineering boundary leads to the abrupt change of train aerodynamic performance when the train passes through the transitions of different windproof structures,and then cause the train body swaying.In this paper,the aerodynamic performance of the transition of Lanzhou-Urumqi high-speed railway embankment-cutting windproof structures is studied,the mechanism and evolution law of wind shear caused by abrupt changing boundary is investigated,a perfect and implementable engineering optimization method for the abrupt change of the wind field in the transition section is proposed,and a comparative analysis of the engineering effects is carried out,which can provide a basis for the implementation of the optimization project.Research conclusions:(1)When the train passes through the transition section of different windproof structures,the lateral force and the overturning moment of the head car,the middle car and the tail car increase obviously.Wind speed and wind direction in the shelter area lead to a great change in the aerodynamic performance of the train,which in turn affects the train crosswind stability and comfort.(2)Based on the study of the variation law of the wind field in the transition section,for the typical transition of embankment-cutting windproof structures,an engineering optimization measure of heightening transitional windbreak is proposed.The lateral force and the overturning moment amplitude are significantly reduced and the variation is moderated when the train passes through,the optimization effect is obvious.(3)For other more complicated windproof structures transition sections,it is necessary to pay attention to the mechanism and evolution law of wind shear caused by the windproof structures transition boundary,focusing on improving the abrupt changing flow field,combining the local topography and engineering conditions to take engineering optimization

关 键 词：高速铁路 防风工程 过渡段 气动性能 工程优化 

分 类 号：U216.413[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]