翻译生态系统中的破坏性创新  

Disruptive Innovations in Translation Ecosystem

作　　者：徐彬[1] 杨珍 XU Bin;YANG Zhen(School of Foreign Languages,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250358,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《山东外语教学》2019年第6期123-130,共8页Shandong Foreign Language Teaching

基　　金：2015年国家社科项目“汉学文史著作平行语料库建设及在中国文化外译中的作用研究”(项目编号:15BYY093);2016年山东省专业学位研究生教学案例库建设项目《旅游图书翻译案例库》(项目编号:SDYAL16042);2018年山东省专业学位研究生教学案例库建设项目《二战史双语语料库及翻译案例库》(项目编号:SDYAL18037)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：破坏性创新(disruptive innovation),亦称颠覆性创新,最早由美国学者Clayton M. Christensen及其合作者于1995年提出,被誉为21世纪初最有影响力的商业理念。根据Christensen的定义,笔者认为翻译生态圈内出现了一些破坏性的技术创新。本文定义了翻译生态圈中的一些破坏性创新的典型代表,包括信息技术、翻译众包、计算机辅助翻译技术、机器翻译技术以及译后编辑等,详细分析了破坏性创新对翻译企业及自由译者的生存和发展所造成的冲击,对破坏性创新给翻译服务产业带来的挑战也给出了合理的预见性分析。翻译圈内出现的破坏性创新有可能颠覆旧的翻译服务产业形态。不论是翻译企业,还是翻译教育机构以及翻译学习者,都应该关注这些创新,及时调整自身的应对策略。Disruptive innovation was first defined and analyzed by American scholar Clayton M. Christensen and his collaborators in 1995. According to Christensen’s definition, the author believes that there are some disruptive technological innovations in the translation ecosystem. By distinguishing some disruptive innovations in translating industry, which includes information technology, translation crowdsourcing, computer-aided translation, machine translation and post-editing, etc., this paper analyzes in detail the impact caused by these innovations to translation companies and freelance translators;it also provides predictive analysis of the challenges faced by the translating industry. Disruptive innovations in translation may subvert the old form of translation service. Translation enterprises, translation education institutions and learners should pay attention to these innovations and adjust their strategies in time.

关 键 词：破坏性创新 翻译技术 适应性改变 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]