电动汽车热泵空调冷凝蒸发器的特性实验研究  

Experimental Investigation on the Performance of Evaporator/Condenser in a Heat Pump Air Conditioner for Electric Vehicles

作　　者：董军启 张光华 唐钦远 李永平 黄宁杰 Dong Junqi;Zhang Guanghua;Tang Qinyuan;Li Yongping;Huang Ningjie(Hangzhou Sanhua Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou,310016,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州三花研究院有限公司

出　　处：《制冷学报》2019年第6期118-124,共7页Journal of Refrigeration

摘　　要：电动汽车热泵空调的能耗对其行驶里程有重要影响。本文针对两种不同结构形式的热泵空调室外换热器,实验研究了环境工况和制冷剂进出口位置对换热器性能的影响,并分析了不同结霜工况下热泵空调系统的制热性能。结果表明:作为冷凝器时,横排和竖排布置结构形式的换热器性能差异较小;作为蒸发器时,横排布置结构形式换热器的性能相比竖排布置提升了20%;对于横排布置形式换热器,制冷剂进口接近换热器底端扁管有利于提高蒸发器性能;结霜工况下,两种结构形式换热器在高寒(-7℃/-8℃)和高湿(7℃/6℃)工况下制热性能无明显衰减;2℃/1℃工况下,横排布置结构形式的结霜和化霜特性均优于竖排布置结构形式。The efficiency of an electric vehicle heat pump system has a great influence on the vehicle mileage.In this work,two evaporators/condensers of different configurations were designed forelectric vehicle heat pump system.The effects of experimental conditions and the position of refrigerant inlet and outlet were experimentally investigated.The heating performances of the heat pump air conditioner system under different conditions were explored as well.The experimental results show that there was little discrepancy in the condenser performance between those of a horizontal structure andvertical structure,but when the evaporator/condenser was under an evaporator mode,the performance of the horizontal structure wasimproved by 20%compared to that of the vertical structure.Moreover,the evaporator performance was improved when the inlet of the refrigerant was placed close tothe flat tube at the bottom.During a frosting experiment,there was no obvious attenuation of the heating performance of the two heat exchangers of different structures under the conditions of-7/-8℃and 7/6℃.In addition,the evaporator/condenser with a horizontal structure had an obvious advantage during frosting and defrosting under a condition of 2/1℃.

关 键 词：电动汽车 热泵空调 换热器 结霜 制热性能 

分 类 号：TB61+1[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TK124[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]