政治伦理视域下的苏格拉底之死  

Death of Socrates from Perspective of Political Ethics

作　　者：周晶 ZHOU Jing(Institute of Philosophy and Culture,Jilin Academy of Social Sciences,Changchun 13000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省社会科学院哲学与文化研究所

出　　处：《通化师范学院学报》2020年第1期134-138,共5页Journal of Tonghua Normal University

基　　金：吉林省社会科学基金博士与青年扶持项目“《克罗茨纳赫笔记》中马克思思想的卢梭来源研究”(2019CB)

摘　　要：西方的民主政治起源于古希腊,古希腊的城邦民主制出现了人类社会生活中最早的自由。苏格拉底正是生活于雅典民主政治的黄金时代——伯里克利时代,但苏格拉底却在雅典民主制鼎盛时期被判处死刑。从政治伦理视域来看,三个方面导致了苏格拉底的悲剧:首先,雅典民主制是一种直接民主制,这一民主制与当代间接民主制或者代议制有很大的区别,也有着很多缺陷;其次,雅典民主制所蕴含的“自由”与现代意义上的“自由”有着本质的区别;最后,雅典的陪审团制度是一种缺乏法制保障的民主,程序上的缺陷导致雅典人民不依法定程序而是凭个人情感判处苏格拉底死刑。Western democracy originated in ancient Greece.It appeared the earliest freedom in human social life.Socrates lived in the golden age of Athenian democracy the age of Pericles.However,he was sentenced to death.From the perspective of political ethics,three aspects lead to the tragedy of Socrates:Firstly,Athenian democracy is a kind of direct democracy,which is quite different from the contemporary indirect democracy or representative system.It has many defects.Secondly,"freedom"contained in Athenian democracy is essentially different from"freedom"in the modern sense.Lastly,The jury system in Athens is a democracy without legal guarantee.Because of the defects of procedure,Socrates was sentenced to death on the basis of personal feelings instead of legal procedures.

关 键 词：苏格拉底 直接民主 消极自由 法治 

分 类 号：B502.231[哲学宗教—外国哲学]