多车道匝道视距评价与优化方法研究  

Evaluation and Optimization of Sight Distance of Multi-lane Ramp

作　　者：张驰[1,2] 罗昱伟 白浩晨[2] 李枭 ZHANG Chi;LUO Yuwei;BAI Haochen;LI Xiao(School of Highway,Chang′an University,Xi′an 710064,China;CCCC First Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd,Xi′an 710075,China;Engineering Research Center of Highway Infrastructure Digitalization of Ministry of Education,Chang′an University,Xi′an 710064,China;Transportation Infrastructure Construction and Management Digital Engineering Research Center of Shannxi Province,Xi′an 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,西安710064 [2]中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司,西安710075 [3]长安大学道路基础设施数字化教育部工程研究中心,西安710064 [4]陕西省交通基础设施建设与管理数字化工程研究中心,西安710000

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2019年第6期32-39,78,共9页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0803906）资助

摘　　要：为从视距角度分析多车道匝道上小车超大车引发交通事故的致因,建立基于视距分析的多车道匝道视距评价与优化模型,并将该模型应用于实际立交的多车道匝道评价与优化。分析匝道上小车超车过程中停车视距指标的变化情况,并找出最不利状态进行研究;建立多车道匝道视距评价与优化模型,对该模型中匝道圆曲线半径、圆曲线长度、圆曲线与缓和曲线组合这3个关键要素进行深入研究,并提出满足视距要求的匝道平面线形要素推荐值;结合交通安全设施提出一套综合性的视距优化方案;利用该模型对四川省某高速公路的互通立交进行检验。研究结果表明,该模型可较好地解决多车道匝道视距不足的问题。在设计速度小于40 km/h的匝道,使用“平面线形优化法”效果较好。匝道圆曲线半径需要平均增大18.4%,圆曲线长度与缓和曲线长度均为3s行程长度。在设计速度大于40 km/h的匝道,“交通工程设施优化法”中的限速措施能更好的解决问题,其中设计速度与限速值的差值为15 km/h。In order to analyze causation of traffic accidents caused by cars on multilane ramp from a viewpoint of sight distance,an evaluation and optimization model of sight distance on multilane ramp based on sight distance analysis is established.The model is applied for evaluation and optimization of multilane ramp in interchange.It is necessary to analyze variation indices of stopping sight distance in a process of overtaking one car on the ramp and to find out the most unfavorable state.The model is established,and three key factors in the model including curve radius of ramp circle,length,and combination with mitigation curve are studied in depth.Recommended values of plane linear factors which meet requirements of ramp visibility are proposed.A set of comprehensive sight distance about the optimize program is put forward in combination with traffic safety facilities.The model is verified by a case study of an interchange of a highway in Sichuan province.The results show that this model can solve the problems of lacking sight distance on multi-lane ramp.When designed ramp speed is less than 40 km/h,the effect of using“the plane linear optimization method”is better.The circular curve radius of the ramp needs to increase by 18.4%on average.The length of the curve radius of ramp circle and the length of transition curve are both the lengths as 3s.When the designed ramp speed is more than 40 km/h,the speed limit measures of“the traffic engineering facility optimization method”can solve it better,and the difference between the designed speed and the speed limit value is 15 km/h.

关 键 词：交通安全 匝道 车道数 视距模型 圆曲线半径 圆曲线长度 超车 

分 类 号：U412[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]