中外两种推理理论的实验比较研究  

The Experimental Comparing Research between Two Reasoning Theories

作　　者：胡笑羽[1] 胡竹菁[1] Hu Xiaoyu;Hu Zhujing(School of Psychology,Lab of Psychology and Cognition Science,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学心理学院江西省心理与认知重点实验室

出　　处：《心理学探新》2019年第6期501-507,共7页Psychological Exploration

基　　金：江西省社会科学2013年规划课题(13jy22)

摘　　要：通过两个实验对中国学者提出的"推理题与推理者的推理知识双重结构模型"和Evans提出的"双重加工理论"进行了实验比较研究。实验一通过两种评定方法对相应性质命题进行评定后所得实验结果表明Evans等(1983)有关"信念效应"研究中的"结论可信性"变量可以视为与胡竹菁等(1996)实验中的"内容正确性"变量是同一性质的变量;实验二根据"形式正确性"和"内容正确性"两个自变量设计的推理实验结果与Evans等(1983)的研究结果基本一致;但增加"内容熟悉性"这一自变量设计的推理实验结果表明"推理题与推理者的推理知识双重结构模型"比Evans提出的"双重加工理论"能更好地解释推理者对性质三段论的推理结果。Two Experiments have been designed to compare the two reasoning theories:"Dual structure model of item and reasoner’s reasoning knowledge" which proposed by two Chinese Scholars,and "Dual process theory" which proposed by Evans.The first experiment through two different methods to evaluate a set of categorical propositions,the results show that the variable of "believability of conclusion" in the research of Evans et al.(1983)is equal to the variable of "content rightness" in the research of Hu Zhujing et al.(1996).The second experiment is about syllogisms research.When the results which be analysed with the two variables of "logic form rightness" and "content rightness",it is showing no difference with the research of Evans et al.(1983).But when add a variable of "content familiarity" to the experiment design,the reasoning results could be explained more over by "Dual structure model of item and reasoner’s reasoning knowledge" than by Evans’ s "Dual process theory".

关 键 词：双重加工理论 信念效应 推理题与推理者的推理知识双重结构模型 形式判定标准 内容判定标准 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]