后现代语境下“主体性”的问题化——以哈琴的后现代主义诗学为视角  

The Problematizing of “Subjectivity” in the Context of Postmodernism: From the Perspective of Linda Hutcheon’s Theory of Postmodernism Poetics

作　　者：刘晓萍[1] 卢贵礼 LIU Xiaoping;LU Guili(China ASEAN Art College,Chengdu University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610106,China)

机构地区：[1]成都大学中国—东盟艺术学院

出　　处：《宜宾学院学报》2020年第1期57-64,共8页Journal of Yibin University

基　　金：国家社科基金2015年重大项目“西方新马克思主义文论与空间理论重要文献翻译和研究”(15ZDB085)

摘　　要：人文主义对人的“主体性”的张扬是导致现代性困境的主要因素。结合历史语境的问题化,后现代主义对主体性的概念及其理解方式都提出了质疑,即对主体性及人的主体化的问题化与历史化。“主体”在后现代理论和审美实践中并未消失,而是其在叙事中的传统位置受到了质疑,从而促使其发生深刻的变化。福柯、德里达、拉康等对人的主体化意识过程的质疑与揭示,为后现代主义对主体的“去中心化”奠定了基础。以哈琴为代表的后现代主义者将主体进行重新定位,对其进行“语境化”和“去中心化”。后现代主义对主体性批判的主要矛头是对主体性的单一理解,坚持认为“人的本质”概念是被历史地建构着的。Humanism’s publicity of man’s“subjectivity”is the main factor leading to the predicament of modernity.In combination with the problematization of historical context,postmodernism questions the concept of subjectivity and the ways of understanding on it,that is,the question and history of subjectivity and human subjectivity.The“subject”has not disappeared in the postmodernist theory and aesthetic practice,but its traditional position in the narrative has been questioned,which has led to its own profound changes.Foucault,Derrida,Lacan and other people have questioned and revealed the process of subjectification,which laid the foundation for the“decentralization”of postmodernism.The postmodernists,represented by Linda Hutcheon,reposition the subject to“contextualizing”and“decentralizing”.The main criticism of postmodernism on subjectivity is the single understanding of subjectivity.It insists that the concept of“human essence”is constructed by history.

关 键 词：后现代 主体性 问题化 琳达·哈琴 

分 类 号：I01[文学—文学理论]