美国高等教育扶持行动的司法实践——对多样性原理的分析  

The Judicial Practices of Affirmative Action in American Higher Education——An Analysis of the Diversity Rationale

作　　者：宋敏 陈欣 SONG Min;CHEN Xin(Faculty of Education,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学教育学部

出　　处：《外国教育研究》2019年第12期41-54,共14页Studies in Foreign Education

摘　　要：美国联邦最高法院在对高等教育扶持行动的合宪(法)性的司法审查中提出并长期采用了多样性原理。联邦最高法院基于宪法《第一修正案》的保护学术自由、《第十四修正案》的民主价值观以及严格司法审查的方式肯定了多样性原理,为多样性原理提供了法律基础。运用多样性原理证明扶持行动的合法性和多样性理想的哲学基础使多样性在其公共话语中占据着一个特殊的地位,但多样性原理在高等教育扶持行动中仍面临着一些问题。The Supreme Court proposed and affirmed the diversity rationale in its constitutional judicial review of Affirmative Action in American higher education.The Supreme Court affirmed the diversity rationale based on the protection of academic freedom in the First Amendment,the democratic values of the Fourteenth Amendment and strict scrutiny.Provides a legal basis for the principle of diversity.The legal history of using the diversity rationale to justify affirmative action and the philosophical foundation of the ideal of diversity makes diversity occupy a special place in public discourse.However,the diversity rationale still face some problems and challenges in Higher Education.

关 键 词：美国 高等教育 扶持行动 多样性原理 法理基础 

分 类 号：G40-011.8[文化科学—教育学原理] G712[文化科学—教育学]