PISA2015科学素养测试题目难度与题目属性的关系探究  

Exploring Relations between Difficulties and Characteristics of PISA 2015 Science Literacy Items

作　　者：薛明锋 陈平[1] XUE Mingfeng;CHEN Ping(Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学

出　　处：《中国考试》2020年第3期35-40,共6页journal of China Examinations

摘　　要：本研究对PISA2015科学素养测试数据进行二次分析,探索题目难度与题目背景、知识、素养、形式以及认知需求的关系。结果发现:1)题目所测的素养和题目背景对题目难度的预测作用不显著;2)题目形式、知识类型与认知需求对题目难度的预测作用显著;3)涉及高认知需求和认知性知识的人工评分开放型题目的难度显著高于其他题目。研究题目难度与题目属性的关系,可以提升题目命制的有效性。In order to explore relations between difficulties and characteristics of PISA science items including the context,knowledge,literacy,format and cognitive demand,the secondary analysis using data from PISA is conducted.The results show that:1)The difficulties of PISA science items could not be explained by the literacy and context of the items;2)The format,knowledge and cognitive demand of items could significantly predict the difficulty;3)Open response items involving a high need for cognition and cognitive knowledge are significantly more difficult than other items.The research on the relation between the difficulties and the characteristics of the items can improve validity of the test development.

关 键 词：PISA 题目难度 题目属性 科学素养 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]