基于语料库的民商事法律动名兼类词汉英翻译研究——以我国《公司法》中的“规定”为例  

A Corpus-based Study on the C-E Translation of Verb-Noun Cross-Category Words in Chinese Civil and Commercial Laws:Description on the Translation of gui ding in the Company Law of China

作　　者：龚茁[1] 牛晓伟[2] GONG Zhuo;NIU Xiaowei(School of Foreign Languages,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China;School attached to Qufu Normal University,Qufu 273165,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学外国语学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]曲阜师范大学附属中学,山东曲阜273165

出　　处：《山东外语教学》2020年第1期112-124,共13页Shandong Foreign Language Teaching

基　　金：2020年度浙江省哲学社会科学规划项目“法治中国核心术语英译研究”(项目编号:20NDJC112YB);2019年度浙江工商大学“浙江省外国语言文学”一流学科(A类)建设高层次项目的阶段性成果

摘　　要：动名兼类词是我国民商事法律文本的重要组成成分。本文自建中外民商事法律语料库,通过频次对比、卡方检验、搭配分析等方法,考察了兼类词的比重,对比了英美两国公司法中的相关表述,分析了“规定”的英译及与英美法的契合度。研究发现,在表述上,英国法和美国法存在明显差异。我国译者选取了更多词汇,体现出一定程度的“以我为主”的特色。翻译方法上,“规定/n”以不译和“名转动”为主。“规定/v”的英译标准以其非字面含义和参考中文句法结构为主,不考虑词的兼类属性。研究最后对“规定”英译提出改进意见。研究结果可以直接应用于外语教学。Verb-Noun Cross-Category Words are the important components in the texts of Chinese civil and commercial laws.Based on the self-built corpus of Chinese and foreign civil and commercial laws,this article investigates the wording of gui ding in British and American company laws and verifies the correspondence of VN words translation through frequency comparison,Chi-square test and collocation analysis.The result shows that significant difference exists in wording between British and American laws.Chinese translation tends to have a wider range of wording than British and American legal texts;therefore,a China-based feature is presented to some extent.On the translation method,gui ding/n tends to be left untranslated and noun-to-verb strategy is widely applied.The leading rules to translate gui ding/v are the non-literal meaning of gui ding and following Chinese syntactic structure while the nature of cross-category is not considered.This article proposes advice on how to translate gui ding and the findings can be directly applied into teaching practice.

关 键 词：语料库 民商事法律 动名兼类词 规定 英译 

分 类 号：H315.9[语言文字—英语]