Advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging in patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases  

作　　者：Koji Kamagata Christina Andica Taku Hatano Takashi Ogawa Haruka Takeshige-Amano Kotaro Ogaki Toshiaki Akashi Akifumi Hagiwara Shohei Fujita Shigeki Aoki 

机构地区：[1]Department of Radiology,Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine,Tokyo,Japan [2]Department of Neurology,Juntendo University School of Medicine,Tokyo,Japan

出　　处：《Neural Regeneration Research》2020年第9期1590-1600,共11页中国神经再生研究（英文版）

基　　金：supported by research grants from the program for Brain/MINDS Beyond program from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development(AMED)under Grant Number JP18dm0307024(to KK);MEXT-Supported Program for the Private University Research Branding Project;ImPACT Program of Council for Science,Technology and Innovation(Cabinet Office,Government of Japan);JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP16K10327(to KK)

摘　　要：The prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing as human longevity increases. The objective biomarkers that enable the staging and early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases are eagerly anticipated. It has recently become possible to determine pathological changes in the brain without autopsy with the advancement of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging techniques. Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging is a robust tool used to evaluate brain microstructural complexity and integrity, axonal order, density, and myelination via the micron-scale displacement of water molecules diffusing in tissues. Diffusion tensor imaging, a type of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging technique is widely utilized in clinical and research settings;however, it has several limitations. To overcome these limitations, cutting-edge diffusion magnetic resonance imaging techniques, such as diffusional kurtosis imaging, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, and free water imaging, have been recently proposed and applied to evaluate the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. This review focused on the main applications, findings, and future directions of advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging techniques in patients with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, the first and second most common neurodegenerative diseases, respectively.The prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing as human longevity increases. The objective biomarkers that enable the staging and early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases are eagerly anticipated. It has recently become possible to determine pathological changes in the brain without autopsy with the advancement of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging techniques. Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging is a robust tool used to evaluate brain microstructural complexity and integrity, axonal order, density, and myelination via the micron-scale displacement of water molecules diffusing in tissues. Diffusion tensor imaging, a type of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging technique is widely utilized in clinical and research settings; however, it has several limitations. To overcome these limitations, cutting-edge diffusion magnetic resonance imaging techniques, such as diffusional kurtosis imaging, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, and free water imaging, have been recently proposed and applied to evaluate the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. This review focused on the main applications, findings, and future directions of advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging techniques in patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, the first and second most common neurodegenerative diseases, respectively.

关 键 词：Alzheimer's disease biomarkers diffusional kurtosis imaging disease progression early diagnosis free-water imaging NEURITES neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging Parkinson's disease 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R742.5[医药卫生—临床医学] R445.2