鱿鱼内脏粗提油的精制工艺优化及其理化指标分析  

Optimization of Refining Process of Squid Visceral Crude Oil and Its Physicochemical Indexes Analysis

作　　者：林煌华 谢友坪[1] 马瑞娟 石新国 刘乐冕 陈剑锋[1] LIN Huang-hua;XIE You-ping;MA Rui-juan;SHI Xin-guo;LIU Le-mian;CHEN Jian-feng(Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste,Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省海产品废弃物综合利用工程技术研究中心福州市海产品高值化利用行业技术创新中心福州大学

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2020年第6期172-179,共8页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：福州市“十三五”海洋经济创新发展示范平台项目(FZHJ15);福州市区域发展项目(2017-Q-29)

摘　　要：本研究采用碱炼法脱酸、活性白土分批脱色对鱿鱼内脏粗提油进行精炼。分别以酸价和脱色率作为脱酸和脱色效果的评价指标,在单因素实验的基础上,运用中心组合设计法优化精制工艺,同时分析测定了精制前后鱿鱼内脏油的相关理化指标。结果表明鱿鱼内脏粗提油的最佳脱酸工艺为:碱液浓度26°Bé、碱炼温度54℃、碱炼时间26 min,在此脱酸条件下鱿鱼内脏油的酸价为(0.63±0.05)mg/g;最佳脱色工艺为:活性白土添加量3.7%、脱色温度88℃、脱色时间60 min,在此脱色条件下鱿鱼内脏油的脱色率为92.38%±1.25%。精制后鱿鱼内脏油的酸价和色泽达到一级精制鱼油的质量标准,其他各项理化指标达到或接近二级精制鱼油的质量标准。精制后鱿鱼内脏油的多不饱和脂肪酸含量达38.91%,其中EPA和DHA含量分别为12.56%和16.32%。以上结果说明本研究优化的工艺能够对鱿鱼内脏粗提油进行有效的精炼,可用于工业化生产。In this study,the squid visceral crude oil was refined by deacidification with alkali and decolorization with activated clay.Taking acid value and decolorization rate as the evaluation index of deacidification efficiency and decolorization efficiency respectively,central composite design based on single factor experiments was applied to optimize the refining process.Moreover,the relative physicochemical indexes of squid viscera oil before and after refining were analyzed and determined. The results showed that the optimal conditions for deacidification were alkali concentration 26 °Bé,temperature 54 ℃,time 26 min,which resulted in that the acid value of squid visceral oil reached( 0.63 ± 0.05) mg/g.The optimal conditions for decolorization were dosage of activated clay 3.7%,temperature 88 ℃,time 60 min,which resulted in that the decolorization rate of squid visceral oil reached 92.38% ± 1.25%.After the treatment of refining process,the acid value and color of squid visceral oil reached the quality criterion of first class refined fish oil,and the other physicochemical indexes reached or were close to the quality criterion of secondary refined fish oil. The contents of polyunsaturated fatty acid,EPA and DHA were 38.91%,12.56% and16.32%,respectively.The above results indicate that squid viscera crude oil can be efficiently refined by the process optimized in this study,which can be used in commercial production.

关 键 词：鱿鱼内脏油 脱酸 脱色 响应面优化法 不饱和脂肪酸 

分 类 号：TS254.9[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]