宋代省试监试官考论  

The Study on the Invigilation Officer of Provincial Examination in Song Dynasty

作　　者：夏亚飞 Xia Yafei

机构地区：[1]郑州大学历史学院 [2]华北水利水电大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《江西社会科学》2020年第1期164-171,255,256,共10页Jiangxi Social Sciences

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目“宋代科场管理制度研究”(2018M642764);国家社会科学基金青年项目“宋代科举法研究”(19CZS025)

摘　　要：宋代在科举考试中设置监试官制度源自五代后周之制。南宋在延续宋初发解试监试官制度的基础上,逐步在类省试、省试别头试和省试大院试中设置监试官。嘉定十三年(1220),宋廷首次在省试中设置监试官,并任命了监试人员。省试监试官由同知贡举改任,地位高于同知贡举,且全部以台谏官充任。宋代省试监试官制度经历了一个漫长的专职化发展过程,先以台谏官临时监督考官的违规行为,再以台谏官出任同知贡举监督其他考官,最后将以台谏官出任的同知贡举改名为监试官,专门负责监督其他考官。The system of invigilation officer in imperial examination in Song Dynasty originated from the system of the Later Zhou Dynasty. The Southern Song Dynasty, on the basis of Inheritance Fa Jie Shi invigilation officer system, set the invigilation officer in the Lei Sheng Shi, Sheng Shi Bie Tou Shiand Sheng Shi Da Yuan Shi gradually. In the 13th year during Jiading’s reign(1220), the Song Dynasty government set the first invigilation post in the provincial examination and appointed the invigilation officer. The invigilation officer of provincial examination consists by the Tong Zhi Gong Ju, but owns a higher status than it, and all these posts should be from Tai Jian Officers. The provincial examination invigilation officer system in Song Dynasty experienced a long process of development, with temporary appointing one of the Tai Jian officers to supervise the examiners’ illegal behaviors at the beginning, and then appointing one of Tai Jian officers as Tong Zhi Gong Ju to supervise the other invigilators, and finally changed to appointing Tong Zhi Gong Ju as invigilation officer and specially supervise the other invigilators.

关 键 词：宋代 省试 监试官 科举 

分 类 号：K24[历史地理—历史学]