富含维生素D食物及户外活动与认知功能关系  

Relationship between consumption of food rich in vitamin D, outdoor activities and cognitive function among elderly residents in Liaoning province

作　　者：栾德春[1] 高倩[2] 崔玉丰[1] 马成鑫 任时[1] 李绥晶[1] LUAN De-chun;GAO Qian;CUI Yu-feng(Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang,Liaoning Province 110005,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心,沈阳110005 [2]中国医科大学

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2020年第1期78-81,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81402644）

摘　　要：目的探索在中国饮食模式和户外活动方式下,维生素D与人群认知功能的关系。方法2017年6-9月在辽宁省4个城市抽取1115名≥60岁老年人,通过简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)进行认知功能筛查,同时收集过去富含维生素D食物摄入习惯和户外活动行为等信息。使用聚类分析分别将人群富含维生素D食物摄入习惯和户外活动行为分为低、中、高3组,分析其与人群认知功能的关系。结果低维生素D组人群MMSE评分[(25.7±3.3)分]低于中、高维生素D组[分别为(26.1±3.3和26.4±2.9)分](F=4.42,P<0.05),低户外活动组人群MMSE评分[(25.4±3.2)分]低于中、高户外活动组[分别为(26.5±3.2和26.4±3.0)分](F=17.08,P<0.01)。控制年龄、教育程度等认知功能的其他影响因素后,富含维生素D食物摄入、户外活动的单独效应仍然存在,高维生素D食物摄入是认知功能的保护因素(OR=0.62,95%CI=0.46~0.83),高户外活动也是认知功能的保护因素(OR=0.69,95%CI=0.49~0.98)。结论多摄入富含维生素D食物和增加有效日光暴露的户外活动有利于预防老年人认知功能受损。Objective To explore the relationship between vitamin D and cognitive function under Chinese dietary patterns and outdoor activities among elderly residents.Methods We recruited 1200 community residents aged 60 years and above in 4 cities of Liaoning province conducted a face-to-face survey among the residents from June to September 2017.Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)was used to assess cognitive function in the residents and information on demographics,previous intake of food rich in vitamin D and outdoor activities were collected using a self-designed questionnaire.Partitioning cluster analysis was adopted to divide the residents into groups with high,moderate,and low intake of food rich in vitamin D and groups having high,moderate,and low outdoor activity,respectively,for analyses on the relationship between vitamin D intake,outdoor activity and cognitive function among the residents.Results Valid information were collected from 1115 residents.The residents with low intake of food rich in vitamin D had significantly lower MMSE score compared to the residents with moderate and high intake(25.7±3.3 vs.26.1±3.3 and 26.4±2.9,F=4.42;P<0.05);the residents with low outdoor activity had significantly lower MMSE score compared to the residents with moderate and high outdoor activity(25.4±3.2 vs.26.5±3.2 and 26.4±3.0,F=17.08;P<0.01).After adjusting other influencing factors such as age and education,significant effects of intake of food rich in vitamin D and outdoor activity on cognitive function still remained.Eating more food rich in vitamin D and having more outdoor activities are protective factors for cognitive function with the odds ratio of 0.62(95%confidence interval:0.46–0.83)and 0.69(0.49–0.98).Conclusion Increasing intake of food rich in vitamin D and having more outdoor activities with effective sunshine exposure may help prevent cognitive impairment in Chinese elder people.

关 键 词：老年人 维生素D 户外活动 认知功能 

分 类 号：R151.41[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]