电动汽车复合储能系统能量管理策略及其快速控制原型验证  

A Hybrid Energy Storage System and Its Energy Management Strategy Verification for Electric Vehicle Applications

作　　者：汪亚飞 田国富[1] 刘忠旭 郑春花[2] WANG Yafei;TIAN Guofu;LIU Zhongxu;ZHENG Chunhua(Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,China;Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学,沈阳110870 [2]中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院,院深圳518055

出　　处：《集成技术》2020年第1期66-79,共14页Journal of Integration Technology

基　　金：深圳市海外高层次人才创新创业计划项目(KQJSCX20180330170047681)

摘　　要：纯电动汽车储能系统需同时满足高功率密度与高能量密度的要求,但现阶段单一储能单元往往难以同时具备这两种特点。将高能量密度的锂电池与高功率密度的超级电容进行合理搭配,形成复合储能系统,是解决以上问题的一个有效方案。该文以宝马I3纯电动汽车作为目标车型,设计了锂电池/超级电容复合储能系统,并制定了一种基于规则的能量管理策略,综合考虑了外部工况要求、锂电池与超级电容的荷电状态,自动规划工作模式,充分发挥各储能单元自身优势,在极端状况下可自动启动保护模式;同时,基于快速控制原型的思想,设计搭建了以dSPACE为控制中心的复合储能系统能量管理策略快速控制验证平台,搭配可编辑电力参数的外部电子负载设备,完成了能量管理策略的半实物实验验证。实验结果表明,电动汽车锂电池/超级电容复合储能系统搭配合理的能量管理策略,能够充分发挥锂电池的能量特性与超级电容的功率特性,更好地满足了现代纯电动汽车对续航里程与动力性能的要求,同时可节约能源,在一定程度上起到延长储能系统使用周期的作用。The energy storage system of a pure electric vehicle must meet the requirements of high power density and high energy density at the same time.However,it is difficult for a single energy storage unit to have these two characteristics in the meantime currently.Reasonable hybridization of high energy density lithium batteries and high power density supercapacitors is an effective solution to the problems.This research designs a lithium battery/supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system for the BMW I3 pure electric vehicle and proposes a driving condition-adaptive rule-based energy management strategy for the hybrid energy storage system,which takes into account the requirements of external working conditions and the charging status of battery and supercapacitor.Based on the idea of rapid control prototype,a verification platform for the proposed energy management strategy of the hybrid energy storage system is established with the dSPACE as the control center.The experimental verification of the energy management strategy is completed with an external electric loading equipment which can edit power requirement parameters.The experimental results show that,the hybrid energy storage system equipped with energy management strategy presents good performances on both energy and power densities,better meet the requirements of modern pure electric vehicles for endurance mileage and power performance.At the same time,it can save energy,and may play a role in extending the life cycle of energy storage system.

关 键 词：电动车 复合储能系统 电池 超级电容 能量管理策略 快速控制原型验证 

分 类 号：U469.722[机械工程—车辆工程]