国外特殊型语言障碍的语言学研究及思考  

A Review of Overseas Linguistic Studies on Specific Language Impairment and Some Reflections

作　　者：何晓炜[1] He Xiaowei

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学英语语言文化学院

出　　处：《语言战略研究》2020年第2期61-70,共10页Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“汉语特殊型语言障碍儿童与高功能自闭症儿童语法能力对比研究”（17AYY008）的阶段性成果

摘　　要：海外的特殊型语言障碍(SLI)研究已开展多年,在其特征、成因、诊断及理论研究方面已形成了丰富的研究成果,提出并实施了多种干预方案。国内汉语SLI儿童的语言学研究尚未引起重视。本文综述国外SLI的语言行为研究及理论研究,介绍国外近期对SLI儿童与高功能自闭症儿童的语言对比研究。国外SLI儿童语言研究主要集中在有形态变化的语言,所提出的理论分析模型和假说大多是针对有形态屈折变化的印欧语言。如何借鉴国外的SLI研究,进行汉语SLI儿童语言研究是我们要面临的一个新课题。作者提出了展开汉语SLI儿童语言特征及其理论研究所面临的困难和设想。开展对汉语SLI儿童的语言特征及其成因的语言学研究,是语言学服务于社会、解决社会现实问题的一个切入点,具有重要的理论意义及实践价值。The present paper reviews major studies on Specifi c Language Impairment(SLI)abroad,particularly those on the linguistic features of SLI children and the theoretical analyses of SLI.SLI has been studied by the international academia for many years,and the major focus has been on the acquisition of infl ectional morphemes.The linguistic diff erence between SLI and High Functioning Autism(HFA)children is another widely explored theme in this fi eld.Various hypotheses or models have been proposed to account for the causes of such defi cits,such as perceptual defi cit hypothesis,rule-defi cit hypothesis,agreement defi cit model,agreement and tense omission model,computational grammatical complexity hypothesis,derivational complexity hypothesis,among many others.In contrast,SLI has not received much attention in linguistic and applied linguistic studies in China,and very little is known about the linguistic characteristics of Mandarin-speaking children with SLI.However,it is believed that language data from Mandarin SLI children can bring a new perspective to the issue because infl ectional morphology does not play a role in the development of grammar for Chinese-speaking children.To inform further studies on SLI in China,this study puts forward some suggestions,including the development of test scales and comprehensive evaluation tools for SLI.

关 键 词：特殊型语言障碍 语言习得 语言障碍 儿童句法 

分 类 号：H002[语言文字—语言学]