“满洲文学”:谁的文学，何种文学，是否实存  

“Manchurian Literature”: Whose? What? and Does it Exist?

作　　者：刘晓丽[1] LIU Xiao-li

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中文系

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2020年第1期165-173,223,共10页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：在东亚殖民主义理论视阈下考察“满洲文学”概念,会发现不同族群所指各异。在殖民统治者日本人眼中“满洲文学”的意义指向,摇摆于殖民地文学和“国策”文学之间,暴露出其殖民统治的狂妄与虚弱;殖民统治下的中国文人借“东北文学”“漠北文学”“无名文学”“北国文学”与“满洲文学”交锋,形成反抗殖民统治的“反殖文学”与“解殖文学”;日本殖民统治夹层中的朝鲜文人表面上认同“满洲文学”是“国策”文学,实际上并不相信“满洲文学”实存,唯欲利用“满洲文学”概念获取朝鲜语文学的创作空间;俄系作家因其身份特殊,作品揭露日本在东亚地区的丑陋形象,更具批评性。“满洲文学”,是殖民者欲利用文学为其新型殖民意识形态服务的实验,结果却在殖民地开启了一种新型的反殖民方式--借文学消解殖民统治。“满洲文学”的破产,也显示出“大东亚文学”的虚无。“满洲文学”是理解东亚殖民主义文学的一个关键词,藉此可以探入东亚殖民主义理论内部的错综复杂性。Examining the concept of“Manchurian literature”from the perspective of East Asian colonialism,we find that it means different things for different social groups.In the eyes of the Japanese colonists,“Manchurian literature”switched between colonial literature and“national policy”literature;Chinese literati under colonial rule borrowed“Northeast Literature”,“Mobei Literature”,“Nameless Literature”,and“Northern Literature”to confront colonialist“Manchuria literature”;Korean w riters,w ho struggled in the“cracks”of Japanese ruling,superficially agreed that“Manchuria literature”was“national policy literature”,but in reality denied its existence,instead using the concept to carve out some space for creating Korean literature.“Manchurian literature”was an experiment made by colonists to serve their colonial ideology.As opposed to w hat rulers had intended,it generated a new type of anti-colonialism:using literature to dissolve colonial rule.The“bankruptcy”of“Manchurian literature”thus exposes the conceptual emptiness of“Greater East Asian Literature”.“Manchu literature”is a key phrase to understanding the literature of East Asian colonialism and exploring the intricacies of East Asian colonialism as well.

关 键 词：“满洲文学” 殖民文学 东北文学 朝鲜文学 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]