食品安全指数法评估广州市海珠区果品中有机磷类农药残留的风险  

Risk assessment of organophosphorus pesticide residues in fruits in Haizhu District of Guangzhou based on food safety indexes

作　　者：段夏菲[1] 曾雅[1] 李映霞[1] 李沙沙[2] 凌东辉[1] DUAN Xia-fei;ZENG Ya;LI Ying-xia;LI Sha-sha;LING Dong-hui(Haizhu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510288,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]广州市海珠区疾病预防控制中心,广东广州510288 [2]暨南大学附属第一医院,广东广州510632

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2020年第1期87-90,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：广州市医药卫生科技项目(20171A011337);广州市海珠区科技计划项目(海科工商信计2017-36)

摘　　要：目的调查2016年-2018年广州市海珠区果品中有机磷类农药污染情况,进行风险评估,为水果科学种植与监管提供参考。方法采集306份样品,运用风险评估模型,对果品中41种有机磷类农药残留进行风险评估。结果41种农药的食品安全指数(IFS)值和IFS值均<1,农药残留量对果品的整体安全状况可接受,其中治螟磷等6种农药的IFS<<1,对果品安全没有影响。其中甲拌磷等5种的危害物风险系数(R)>2.5,为高度风险;甲胺磷等6种的1.5<R<2.5,为中度风险;敌敌畏等13种的R为1.1,为低度风险。除干制水果外,其余6类水果均存在高度风险的农药残留。结论综合使用食品安全指数法和危害物风险系数法评价农药残留风险程度,比使用单一方法更为客观和全面。果品中41种有机磷类农药残留量对果品安全的风险可接受,但仍存在农药残留高度风险情况。建议制定完善GB 2763—2016中ADI等数值,为果品安全监管提供科学依据。Objective To understand the contamination of organophosphorus pesticides in fruits in Haizhu District of Guangzhou during 2016-2018,and to evaluate the risk of it,so as to provide references for scientific growth and supervision.Methods A total of 306 samples were collected for the detection of 41 pesticide residues in fruits by a risk assessment model.Results The IFS and IFS of 41 pesticides were all less than 1.The overall safety was acceptable.The IFS of 6 pesticides such as sulfotep was far less than 1,which had no effect on the safety of fruit products.Among them,R of 5 pesticides such as phorate was higher than 2.5,which was in high risk;R of 6 pesticides such as methamidophos was within 1.5-2.5,which was in moderate risk;R of 13 pesticides such as dichlorovos was 1.1,which was in low risk.6 types of fruits had high-risk pesticide residues except for dried fruits.Conclusion It is more objective and comprehensive to use food safety index method and hazard risk coefficient method to evaluate the risk degree of pesticide residues than using a single method.The risks of 41 organophosphorus pesticide residues in fruits are acceptable,but still have high-risk of pesticide residues.It is suggested that the values in GB 2763—2016 such as ADI should be formulated and perfected,so as to provide scientific basis for fruit safety supervision.

关 键 词：果品 有机磷 农药残留 风险评估 食品安全指数 风险系数 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]