结合制造与服务逻辑发展企业创新能力——基于海尔集团的纵向案例研究  

Development of firms’ innovation capabilities by combing manufacturing logic and service logic: A longitudinal case study based on Haier Group

作　　者：许庆瑞[1] 李杨 刘景江[1] Xu Qingrui;Li Yang;Liu Jingjiang(School of Management,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学管理学院

出　　处：《科研管理》2020年第1期35-47,共13页Science Research Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目:“全面创新能力的形成原理和提升机制研究”(71572177,2016.01-2019.12);国家自然科学基金面上项目:“绩效反馈、制度逻辑与科技企业创业成长研究”(71872164,2019.01-2021.12);中国工程院咨询项目:“中国制造:超越追赶的创新战略与治理结构研究”(2017-XY-39,2017.01-2019.06)

摘　　要：服务逻辑向制造业延伸正在成为全球产业发展的重要趋势。在此情境下,制造企业如何实现创新能力发展这一关键问题并未得到有效回答。针对此问题,本文从制度逻辑观出发,对制造企业结合制造与服务逻辑实现创新能力发展的过程与机理予以系统分析。通过对海尔集团1984-2017年服务化转型历程的纵向案例分析发现:海尔通过在组织内部持续调整制造与服务逻辑关系,实现了创新能力多样性与独特性的双重发展。进一步的机理研究发现:当企业调整制造与服务逻辑向心性时会引发能力习得,从而获得新的能力;当企业调整制造与服务逻辑兼容性时会引发能力转型,从而修改已有能力。本研究突破了以往研究只关注服务逻辑的视角局限,从多元逻辑共存视角回答了服务化过程中制造企业创新能力发展问题;揭示了企业在不同阶段结合多元逻辑方式、推动创新能力持续发展的作用机理;为从制度视角解读创新能力的异质性发展提供了理论依据;也为制造企业服务化与创新发展提供了实践参考。With the increasingly fierce competition in manufacturing industry,service transformation has become a popular strategic choice for manufacturing companies to create differences and build competitive advantages. The extension of service logic to manufacturing field is becoming an important trend of global industry development. Studies have shown that goods and services integration can be one of the most important ways for China’s manufacturing enterprises to enhance their innovation capabilities and achieve transformation and upgrading. However,these studies focused more on service logic as a substitute for manufacturing logic,ignoring the possibility of coexistence and the interactions between them. Thus the development of innovation capability were seemed as an automatic capability-switching process. Based on this perspective,they failed to explain: how do manufacturing enterprises achieve development of innovation capabilities and what is the process has it experienced? What are the mechanisms behind that drives capacities development? These answers are important to understand how organizations combine conflicting institutional logic strategically to purse the development of innovation capabilities and gain competitive advantages. However,the existing literatures give no clear answers to them.In response to these questions,our research combines institutional logic perspective and capability theory to systematically analyze the process and mechanisms about how manufacturing firm integrates manufacturing logic and service logic to achieve innovation capabilities development. We conducted a longitudinal single case study and analyze Haier Group’s servitization transformation,in the period from 1984 to 2017. During this period the focal firm experienced four types of logic multiplicity within organization. These four types are estranged stage,dominant stage,contested stage and aligned stage according to the chronological order. In these four stages,Hair’ s innovation capability portfolio evolved from a pure

关 键 词：创新能力 制造企业 制度逻辑 制造逻辑 服务逻辑 组织惯例 

分 类 号：F270.7[经济管理—企业管理]