战国时期外交辞令探析  

During the Warring States Period Diplomatic Language Analysis

作　　者：王立[1] Wang Li(Foreign Affairs College,Beijing,100037)

机构地区：[1]外交学院

出　　处：《语文学刊》2020年第1期66-73,共8页Journal of Language and Literature Studies

基　　金：外交学院社科重大项目“互联网视阈下传统文化对中国外交的价值与影响研究”(3162014ZYKA04)

摘　　要：战国时期的外交,由于环境背景的不同,在战略策略的运用上,比春秋时期的外交壮观得多。无论规模,还是声势,均远远超过春秋时期。春秋时期是外交与军事策略交替使用,并行不二;而在战国时期则变为以军事为主,外交为辅,与春秋时期大相径庭。此时,人们对于"周礼""仁义""道德"等态度日趋让位于实用主义的"功利"思想。春秋时期的"仁义道德"外交已经变成了历史,取而代之的是战国时期的"功利"外交,它的外交辞令也就在这样的背景下进行的。纵横家们博古通今,熟稔各诸侯国的政治事务,准确把握瞬息万变的政治形势,善于抓住诸侯国君的心理,并据此而发挥其雄辩之才,口若悬河,极富煽动性和蛊惑性。战国时期的外交辞令虽然总体上延续了春秋时期的一些做法,但已经有了改变,开始向功利性转变,重饰词、贵激扬、尚铺张。Due to the different environmental background, the diplomacy of the Warring States Period was much more spectacular in the use of strategies and tactics than that of the Spring and Autumn period,regardless of its scale or influence. During the Spring and Autumn Period, diplomatic and military strategies were used alternately, and not mutually exclusive. However, in the Warring States Period, military was given priority, while diplomacy was only a kind of complementary, which was quite different from the Spring and Autumn Period. At this time, people’s attitude towards "Rites of Zhou", "Benevolence and Righteousness" and "Morality" gradually gave way to pragmatic "Utilitarianism". The "virtue and morality" diplomacy of the Spring and Autumn Period has become a history, which was replaced by the "utilitarianism" diplomacy of the Warring States Period.

关 键 词：战国 外交辞令 功利性 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]