五株工厂化栽培的黑木耳生理特性比较  

A Comparative Study on Physiological Characteristics of Five Auricularia auricula Strains Used in Factory Production

作　　者：陈辉[1] 郝海波 赵静 顾忆龙 汪虹[1] 王倩[1] 陈明杰[1] 张津京[1] HEN Hui;HAO Haibo;ZHAO Jing;GU Yilong;WANG Hong;WANG Qian;CHEN Mingjie;ZHANG Jinjing(Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization(South),Ministry of Agriculture,P.R.China,National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi,National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Processing,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai,Shanghai 201403,China;Shanghai Bright Esunyes Bio-tech Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201408;Agricultural Comprehensive Technology Extension Service Center,Construction Town,Chongming district,Shanghai 202155)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,农业部南方食用菌资源利用重点实验室,国家食用菌工程技术研究中心,上海市农业遗传育种重点开放实验室,上海201403 [2]上海光明森源生物科技有限公司,上海201408 [3]上海市崇明区建设镇农业综合技术推广服务中心,上海202155

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2020年第1期42-48,共7页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会国内合作项目(18395800300)。

摘　　要：比较了工厂化栽培的黑木耳(Auricularia auricula)菌株双二、黑单、C10、C6和C3的子实体产量、栽培培养料的酶活性,研究了木质纤维素与产量的关联性,以及子实体中氨基酸的种类及其含量。结果表明:C10菌丝生长速度较快,且子实体产量最高,分别为4.19 mm·d^-1和(152.71±5.69)g;C10漆酶活性最高,C6锰过氧化物酶、木质素过氧化物酶、羧甲基纤维素酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、β-1,3葡聚糖酶活性最高,黑单内切-β-1,4-葡聚糖酶活性最高;C10纤维素降解量最多,产量随纤维素和木质素降解量的升高而升高,并且均具有显著相关性,而半纤维素降解量与产量没有相关性;不同菌株木质纤维素的降解程度与其木质纤维素降解酶活性的高低没有一一对应的关系;C6无论是总氨基酸、人体必需的8种氨基酸,还是鲜味、甜味、苦味和无味氨基酸总量都较高。因此,在工厂化栽培条件下,黑木耳C10菌株符合工厂化生产特点,可缩短采收周期,降低生产成本。Five strains of Auricularia auricula collected from different regions,Shuang er,Hei dan,C10,C6 and C3,were cultivated under the factory cultivation condition,and then compared for their fruiting body yield,enzyme activity associated with lignocellulose degradation in the culture substrate,correlation between lignocellulose degradation and yield,and amino acid profile.The results showed that C10 had a high mycelial growth rate of 4.19 mm·d-1 and the highest fruiting body yield(152.71 g).The highest laccase activity was found in the substrate of C10.The C6 substrate had the highest manganese peroxidase activity,ligin peroxidase activity,carboxymethyl cellulose activity,β-glucosidase activity,andβ-1,3-glucanase activity.The highest endo-β-1,4-glucanase activity was found in the substrate of Hei dan.Cellulose was degraded the most in the C10 substrate.Degradation of both lignin and cellulose were positively correlated with yield,whereas there was no correlation between degradation of hemicellulose and yield.For all strains,there was no tight correspondence between activity of lignocellulose degrading enzymes and degradation of lignocellulose.C6 contained a high content of total amino acids,essential amino acids and flavor amino acids.Overall,strain C10 was found suitable for factory production with a reduced harvest period and relatively low production cost.

关 键 词：黑木耳 产量 木质纤维素 氨基酸 

分 类 号：S646.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]