贫困地区乡村小学教师职业疏离现状与形成机制研究  

Analysis of the Current Situation and Formation Mechanism of Rural Primary School Teachers'Alienation

作　　者：亓昕[1] 高天宇[2] Qi Xin;Gao Tianyu

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学社会工作系,北京100070 [2]南开大学,天津300350

出　　处：《当代教育论坛》2020年第2期100-109,共10页forum on contemporary education

摘　　要：乡村小学教师的职业倦怠与疏离已经成为影响乡村教育发展的障碍,贫困地区乡村小学教师的职业疏离感更为严重。该研究以四个贫困县乡村小学教师群体为例,通过建立二元Logit模型,对该群体的职业疏离感形成原因进行分析。研究发现,贫困地区乡村小学教师的疏离感,并非完全如已有研究所述,受城市化驱动或因入职初期经验不足等因素影响。乡村教师生活压力大、职业上升空间狭小以及教学任务繁重是导致他们职业疏离的主要原因。同时作为社会学学科,不能忽视政策环境对乡村老师疏离感的影响,撤点并校后教育资源向中心学校和县城学校高度倾斜,如农村学校生师比高,职称评聘困难,社会保障力度不够,使得乡村老师感受来自多方面的排斥,他们地位被边缘化了,这是乡村教师疏离感形成的深层原因。Job burnout and alienation of rural primary school teachers have become obstacles to the development of rural education,poor countryside teachers'alienation is more serious.This paper takes four rural primary school teachers in poor counties as an example,and analyzes the causes of alienation in this group by establishing a binary Logit model.It is found that alienation of rural primary school teachers is not completely affected by factors such as urbanization or lack of experience at the beginning of employment.The main causes of their alienation are the pressure of their lives,the small space for career advancement and the heavy burden of teaching tasks.This paper argues that the influence of the policy environment on rural teachers'alienation cannot be ignored,education resources are highly tilted to central schools and urban schools after teaching locations'revocation and integration,such as the high ratio of students to teachers,difficulties of assess professional titles and Social security is not strong enough,which makes rural teachers feel excluded from various aspects and their status is marginalized,which is the deep reason for the formation of rural teachers'alienation.

关 键 词：乡村小学教师 职业疏离感 二元Logit模型 边缘化 政策排斥 

分 类 号：G625.1[文化科学—教育学]