我国青少年校园足球课余训练存在问题及解决思路  

Problems And Solutions for the After-school Training of Youth Football in China

作　　者：李斌[1] 崔运坤 贾燕[4] 米靖 孙晋海[2] LI Bin;CUI Yun-kun;JIA Yan;MI Jing;SUN Jin-hai(School of Physical Education and Sport Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China;School of Physical Education,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China;Sports Department of Taishan University,Taian 271000,China;College of Sport Medicine and Rebabilitation,Shandong First Medical University,Taian 271000,China;Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学体育科学学院,福建福州350117 [2]山东大学体育学院,山东济南250100 [3]泰山学院体育学院,山东泰安271000 [4]山东第一医科大学运动医学与康复学院,山东泰安271000 [5]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《吉林体育学院学报》2020年第1期84-88,102,共6页Journal of Jilin Sport University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(16YJC890004);山东省社会科学规划研究重大理论和现实问题协同创新研究专项(18CCXJ20);泰安市科技发展计划引导项目(2016ZC1228);山东省教育科学“十三五”规划体育与艺术教育专项课题阶段性成果(BCA2017014)。

摘　　要：采用文献资料、专家访谈、问卷调查、逻辑分析法等研究方法,旨在分析我国青少年校园足球课余训练存在的问题,并提出解决思路。结果发现,课余训练存在教练员队伍数量不足、专业化水平低、学习机会少、待遇低;貌似重视课余训练,但基本保障不到位;训练依据多样化,《指南》和《标准》执行率低;技术训练专业化,基础动作技能缺乏;战术训练“过多”与“不足”两极分化;体能训练内容缺失,发展重点混淆等问题。解决路径:完善用人和奖励机制,加强教练员队伍建设;完善组织机构和制度,确保课余训练落实到位;借鉴动作表现训练逻辑,深入挖掘灵活性、稳定性训练→动作模式训练→动作绩效训练→技/战术训练的四级训练层次;综合根据运动员长期发展规划、青少年运动能力发展规划、训练机会窗口理论,科学设计我国青少年校园足球课余训练的长期目标和阶段目标。This paper try to analyze the existing problems and give solutions of our youth school football After-school training.We studied by means of documentary,expert interview,questionnaire,statistics,logic.We find that:Coaches’number is insufficient and they have small learning opportunities,their specialization and reward are lower also;Although After-school training was given great attention,but the basic support is not sufficient;The foundation of training is various,and"guide"and"standard"implementation is lower;Technical training is“over professional”and lack of basic skill training;Primary and junior high school have too much Tactical training,while high school’s Tactical training is insufficient;Physical training was given low attention,and there are many wrong arrangement.According to the present situation,the paper suggests that:We should improve our recruit and reward mechanism,so as to construct a good team of coaches;we should consummate the organization and system to ensure the taking place of After-school training;From performance training logic,we should build After-school training’s Four levels training system(flexibility and stability training→movement pattern training→performance training→technical/tactical training);According to LTAD,YPD,OWT theory,we also should focus on long-term development and scientific arrangement of the training target.

关 键 词：青少年 校园足球 课余训练 问题 思路 

分 类 号：G843[文化科学—体育训练]