促进学生科学资本构建:科学教育发展的新视角  

Promoting the Construction of Students' Science Capital:a New Perspective on Science Education

作　　者：樊文强[1] 张海燕[1] 李亮[1] Fan Wenqiang;Zhang Haiyan;Li Liang(Institute of Higher Education,Beihang University,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学高等教育研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国电化教育》2020年第3期42-48,共7页China Educational Technology

摘　　要：科学教育是建设创新型国家、科教强国的重要支撑,培育更多优秀青少年学生学习和从事科技领域具有重要意义。“科学资本”由布迪厄的“资本”概念发展而来,被认为是预测青少年学生STEM职业期望的有效变量。为了更好地认识科学资本这一概念的本质及其教育价值,该文在对相关文献进行梳理的基础上,对科学资本的内涵进行了解析,对科学资本的构成维度进行了总结,对科学资本促进学生发展的价值进行了讨论,对如何将科学资本融入教育实践进行了介绍。该文认为具有丰富内涵的科学资本为审视科学教育提供了一个新的视角,为推进科学教育发展提供了新的着力点,即在培养学生科学素养的同时,应重视学生科学资本的发掘和构建;建议创设“学校—家庭—社会”协同育人环境,积极促进学生科学资本构建,增强学生与科学的亲密度,激励更多更优秀的学生在未来进入科技领域。科学资本及以其为导向的科学教学法为我国科学教育和科学教师培训提供了新的启示。Science education is an important support for building an innovative country and strengthening the country by science and education,it is of great significance to explore how to encourage more outstanding young students to study and engage in STEM fields.Developed from Bourdieu*s concept of"Capital","Science Capital"is considered to be an effective variable to predict STEM career expectations of adolescent students.To get a better understanding of the essence of science capital and its significance in pedagogy,on the basis of literature review,the connotation of science capital is analyzed,the dimension of science capital's composition is summarized,the value of science capital in promoting student development is discussed,and the ways to integrate science capital into teaching practice is introduced.It is believed that the science capital with rich connotation provides a new perspective for examining science education and a new acting point for promoting the development of science education,namely,while cultivating students5 scientific literacy,we should attach importance to the discovery and construction of students5 science capital.It is suggested to create a"schooLfhmily-society"collaborative education environment,actively promote the construction of students'science capital and enhance students*science affinity,so as to encourage more and better students to enter STEM field in the future.Science capital and the science teaching method oriented by it provide new enlightenment for science teaching and science teacher training in China.

关 键 词：科学资本 科学资本教学法 科学教育 STEM教育 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]