“行高人非”:旁观者不道德侵害“好公民”的原因及其机制探析  

Analyzing Third Parties’ Unethical Reactions to Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Coworkers

作　　者：夏福斌[1] Xia Fubin(School of Economics and Management,Heilongjiang Lniversity,Harbin 150080)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学经济与工商管理学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《管理评论》2020年第1期187-196,共10页Management Review

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(18YJA630117)。

摘　　要：组织公民行为是组织成功的关键因素。现有研究主要以"好公民"为视角,探讨了组织公民行为的前因与后果,至今少见从第三方(旁观者)视角的组织公民行为研究。对旁观者而言,他们可能对"好公民"的组织公民行为本身、动机以及结果形成负面认知,因而可能做出伤害"好公民"的不道德行为。为系统探讨组织公民行为的这种不道德旁观者效应及其机制,本研究提出了在"认知-情感-行为"框架下研究"旁观者不道德侵害好公民"之问题的新思路,分别依据社会比较理论、情感事件理论以及归因理论分析了这一现象的原因和过程机制。这一前瞻性的探索工作,不仅剖析了旁观者为什么以及如何对"好公民"做出不道德行为,而且也为研究"组织公民行为的黑暗面"探究了一种新的可能方向,推动了组织公民行为的理论发展和创新。Organizational citizenship behavior(OCB) contributes to the development of social capital and "lubricates" the social machinery of the organization, and has become essential for organizational success.Almost all the existing researches take a first-person perspective to examine the causes and consequences of OCB and very few researches take a third-party viewpoint to study OCB. It is more likely that OCB has detrimental effects on third parties, and result in the fact that good citizens suffer unethical treatments from these people. We adopt a multilevel, "cognition-emotion-behavior" framework that probes into the within-person process mechanism of third parties’ unethical reactions to OCB, basing on social comparison theory, affective events theory and attribution theory respectively. Our work extends the existing theories and researches. It explains why and how third parties engage act unethically to good citizens and propose a new direction for studying the dark side of OCB.

关 键 词：组织公民行为 不道德行为 利他行为 

分 类 号：C936[经济管理—管理学]