重建科学抽象法——从新中国70年经济史学方法论的意义、道路和行动内涵说起  

Reconstruction of Scientific Abstraction——Discussion from the Significance,Path and Action Connotation of Methodology of Economic history in the 70 Years of New China

作　　者：许光伟 XU Guang-wei(School of Economics,Qufu Normal University,Rizhao 276826,China)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学经济学院,山东日照276826

出　　处：《齐鲁学刊》2020年第1期90-110,共21页Qilu Journal

基　　金：湖北省社会科学基金重点项目“当代中国生产方式内在矛盾及其社会作用研究”(HBSK2019ZD035)。

摘　　要：新时代的方法论需要在“中西学术对话”研究语境中予以锁定。研究表明,新中国70年经济史学的方法论要求以“对象·研究对象·知识”整体工作链条揭示历史生长和逻辑运动,最后给出“有机知识”的概念和定义。从学理上看,政治经济学方法论的时代重建是对“解构行动”的引领和超越。依据这一路径的科学抽象法在工作内涵和表达形式上,必须努力跳出既有“教科书体系”束缚,在思维与语言上赋予鲜明的民族历史特征和丰富的时代规定。一是以中华思维学统领逻辑学和知识论,赋予“科学构图”以历史、实践和文化的含义;二是强调研究和叙述的“体用合一”以及“抽象和具体合一”,在互为内容和形式的意义上运用“中华(辩证法)抽象力”与“马克思(主义)抽象力”;三是坚持以“批判的逻辑学”工作拒绝资产阶级“体系的解释学”,立足“活的辩证法(规定)”实现对历史规律的辩证表述与知识图型化,如坚持以“历史唯物主义论的科学抽象法”命名基本矛盾(矛盾规律的“抽象”)和主要矛盾(矛盾规律的“具体”)。它内生中国化的马克思主义经济学方法论(规定),启发这样的机理路径:中国经济学(学科规范)→中国政治经济学(方法论规范和科学规范)→中国特色社会主义政治经济学(理论规范),使“政治经济学批判”内在于方法论进程中的每一环节,从而使具有原创内涵和实践化的中国社会主义经济理论得以批判性地建立与考察。Methodology in the new era needs to be locked in the research context of“academic dialogue between China and the west”.The methodology of new China’s economic history in China’s 70 years requires that the whole working chain of“object,research object and knowledge”should be used to reveal the historical growth and logical movement.Finally,the concept and definition of“organic knowledge”should be given.According to the theory,the contemporary reconstruction of political economy methodology is the transcendence of“deconstruction action”.According to this path,the scientific abstraction must strive to break away from the shackles of the existing“textbook system”in terms of work connotation and expression form,and endow distinct national historical characteristics and rich era regulations in terms of thinking and language.The first is to use Chinese thinking theory to guide logic and theory of knowledge and endow“scientific composition”the meaning of history,practice and culture.The second is to emphasize the union of substance and function,and the union of abstraction and concreteness in research and narration,and to use“Chinese abstract power”and“Marxist abstract power”in the sense of mutual content and form.The third is to insist on rejecting bourgeois“systematic hermeneutics”with the work of“critical logic”,and to realize the dialectical expression and knowledge schematization of historical laws on the basis of“living dialectics(regulations)”,such as insisting on naming fundamental contradictions(abstractions of contradictory laws)and main contradictions(concretes of contradictory laws)with“scientific abstraction of historical materialism”.It endogenously produces the methodology(regulation)of Marxist economics with Chinese characteristics,and inspires the following mechanism path:Chinese Economics(discipline specification)→Chinese Political Economy(methodology specification and scientific specification)→socialist political economy with Chinese characteristi

关 键 词：新中国70年 科学抽象法 对象 研究对象 思维 逻辑 知识 

分 类 号：F011[经济管理—政治经济学]