黄酮类复配保鲜剂对香蕉采后品质的影响  

Effect of flavonoid compound preservatives on the postharvest quality of banana

作　　者：曾俊 杨嘉利 杨宝[1] 朱虹 ZENG Jun;YANG Jiali;YANG Bao;ZHU Hong(South China Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院华南植物园,广州510650 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2020年第1期38-46,共9页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0401301)。

摘　　要：采用按质量比1∶2比例复配的2种黄酮类化合物(桑色素-木犀草素)溶液浸泡香蕉,研究该复配保鲜剂对香蕉采后品质的影响。结果表明,桑色素-木犀草素复配处理能显著延缓香蕉的后熟进程,并有效控制香蕉轴腐病的发生。各项生理指标测定结果表明,黄酮类复配保鲜剂能较好地保持香蕉的色泽、硬度等外观品质,而且很大程度降低了香蕉果实在贮藏前期的呼吸强度,并推迟乙烯释放峰值和呼吸高峰的出现。对处理后香蕉果皮的代谢物进行核磁共振波谱分析发现,代谢物的组成及含量随着果实成熟衰老而发生明显变化。主成分分析结果表明,第1主成分为碳水化合物、游离氨基酸及乙醇等有机小分子物质。总之,桑色素-木犀草素复配处理能有效延缓代谢物成分的变化,从而保持香蕉的采后品质,延缓香蕉的成熟衰老。由于黄酮类物质属于天然的植物代谢产物,安全无毒且使用量低,因此具备开发成广谱的水果保鲜剂的潜力。Harvested banana fruit was treated by a mixed solution of morin and luteolin(in a mass ratio of 1∶2),and the combined effect on quality maintenance and shelf life of banana was investigated.The results showed that the combined treatment significantly delayed the ripening process,effectively reduced crown rot,maintained the appearance including color and firmness,reduced the respiratory rate and delayed the emergence of ethylene release and respiratory peak.The data from nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy of the peel revealed the composition and level of metabolites during the banana ripening and senescence.Principal component analysis reflected that the first principal components were carbohydrates,free amino acids and other organic components such as ethanol.In a word,the combined treatment of morin and luteolin effectively delays the changes of metabolite profiles,thus maintains the fruit quality and delays senescence.As flavonoids are natural plant metabolites,which are safe,non-toxic and cost-effective,so they have the potential to be developed into broad-spectrum fruit preservatives.

关 键 词：香蕉 桑色素 木犀草素 核磁共振波谱 

分 类 号：S668.1[农业科学—果树学]