基于稳定同位素技术的浙江南部近海主要渔业生物营养级  

Trophic structure of major fishery organisms in the offshore waters of southern Zhejiang:insights from stable isotope analysis

作　　者：高春霞[1,2,3,4] 戴小杰 田思泉[1,2,3,5] 王家启 韩东燕[1,2] 麻秋云 汤艾佳[1] GAO Chunxia;DAI Xiaojie;TIAN Siquan;WANG Jiaqi;HAN Dongyan;Ma Qiuyun;TANG Aijia(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;The Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Oceanic Fishery Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Af-fairs,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploitation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [4]农业农村部大洋渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,上海201306 [5]农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2020年第4期438-453,共16页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31902372,41906074);浙江省渔业资源专项调查项目(158053);上海市大学生创新创业项目(201810);大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(200908)。

摘　　要：2016年2月和5月在浙江南部近海拖网采集到33种鱼类和18种无脊椎动物,利用稳定同位素技术测定渔业生物的稳定碳、氮同位素比值(δ13C、δ15N),并以此估算其营养级。研究结果表明:(1)浙江南部近海主要渔业生物同位素比值跨度范围大,δ13C值范围为–19.71‰~–14.01‰(跨度5.70‰),δ15N值范围为7.05‰~13.69‰(跨度6.64‰),其中鱼类的碳、氮同位素跨度范围最大;(2)以滤食性双壳类为基线生物估算浙江南部近海鱼类平均营养级范围为2.66~4.21,甲壳类营养级范围为3.08~3.72,头足类营养级范围为2.83~3.49,腹足类营养级范围为3.54~3.62,渔业生物营养级主要处于3.0~4.0营养级,以初级和中级肉食性种类为主;(3)根据聚类和食性文献资料分析浙江南部近海主要渔业生物存在5种食性类型,包括浮游动物食性、杂食性、底栖生物食性、混合食性和游泳动物食性;(4)根据营养结构特征,浙江南部近海食物网营养结构可划分为4个营养群,初级消费者主要为杂食性种类,次级消费者主要为小型鱼类、虾类及头足类,中级消费者主要为底栖蟹类、腹足类和混合食性鱼类,高级消费者为凶猛肉食性鱼类。本研究建立了浙江南部近海主要渔业生物的连续营养谱,为生态系统的食物网能量流动和物质循环研究提供科学参考。Stable isotope analysis has become increasingly popular in the determination of trophic relationships in ma-rine ecosystem.In this study,based on bottom trawl surveys,33 species of fish and 18 species of invertebrates were collected in February and May 2016 in the offshore waters of southern Zhejiang.All of these species accounted for 90%of the total catch biomass,highlighting them as being the dominant fish species and invertebrates in the offshore waters of southern Zhejiang.Stable isotope ratios of carbon(δ13C)and nitrogen(δ15N)of the fishery organisms were calculated with an element analysis-isotope ratio mass spectrometer(EA-IRMS),and theδ15N values were applied to estimate their trophic levels.The results revealed that the major fishery organisms had great variations in their compo-sition of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes,especially the fish species,with statistical difference(P<0.01)being ob-served.The cδ13C values of the fishery organisms ranged from?19.71‰to?14.01‰,with an average of?17.06‰,and theδ15N values ranged from 7.05‰to 13.69‰,with the average of 10.98‰.Filter-feeding bivalves were set as the baseline.The average trophic levels of fish,crustaceans,cephalopods and gastropods were 2.66–4.21,3.08–3.72,2.83–3.49 and 3.54–3.62,respectively.The major fishery organisms were mainly in the range of 3.0 to 4.0,most of which were primary and intermediate carnivorous species.Cluster analysis on the stable isotope results of the major fishery organisms produced organism groups that could be interpreted with trophic and feeding information.Based on hierarchical cluster analysis and feeding literatures,five feeding groups of the major fishery organisms from the off-shore waters of southern Zhejiang were classified:zooplankton feeding,omnivorous,benthic feeding,mixed feeding and nekton feeding.The trophic structure of the food web could be divided into four trophic groups,which includes primary consumers,secondary consumers,intermediate consumers and senior consumers.According to t

关 键 词：碳氮稳定同位素比值 浙江南部近海 渔业生物 营养级 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]