2008-2018年湖北省食物中毒事件流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of food poisoning events in Hubei, 2008-2018

作　　者：蔡晶[1] 黄淑琼[1] 张鹏[1] 杨雯雯[1] CAI Jing;HUANG Shu-qiong;ZHANG Peng;YANG Wen-wen(Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第7期1192-1196,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖北省卫生计生委科研项目(项目编号:WJ2017M139)。

摘　　要：目的分析湖北省食物中毒事件流行病学特征,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法对《突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统》中报告的食物中毒事件进行描述性分析。结果共报告95起食物中毒事件,较大级别最多(占44.21%),病死率为15.71%;细菌性食物中毒事件数和发病数最多,分别占43.16%、69.66%,真菌性食物中毒死亡数最多(占59.72%);家庭、集体食堂、饮食服务单位是食物中毒事件发生的主要场所(占88.42%),家庭主要为真菌性食物中毒(占60.46%),集体食堂主要为细菌性食物中毒(70.97%);6-9月为食物中毒事件的高发期,主要由细菌性和真菌性引起(占87.72%);报告事件数居前五位的市州为恩施州(占22.11%)、十堰市(占18.95%)、襄阳市(占12.63%)、黄石市和宜昌市(各占9.47%);恩施州和十堰市主要以真菌性食物中毒高发,分别占该地区总事件数的66.67%、50.00%。结论较大级别事件居多,且其病死率高;细菌性是引起食物中毒的主要因素,真菌性是引起死亡的主要因素;家庭是发生食物中毒事件的主要场所,且以真菌性居多;集体食堂食物中毒事件病例数多,且以细菌性居多;6-9月是食物中毒事件高发期,以细菌性和真菌性为主;西北部等山区是食物中毒事件高发地区,特别是真菌性食物中毒事件。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of food poisoning events in Hubei Province,and to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies.Methods Epidemiological characteristics of food poisoning events reported in the Public Health Emergency Management Information System were analyzed by descriptive analysis.Results A total of 95 food poisoning events were reported,with the largest level(44.21%),and its fatality rate was 15.71%.The number of incidents and the number of cases of bacterial food poisoning were the highest,accounting for 43.16%and 69.66%,respectively.The number of deaths from fungal food poisoning events was the highest(59.72%).Family,group canteens and food service units were the main places for food poisoning events(88.42%).Families were mainly fungal food poisoning(60.46%),and group canteens were mainly bacterial food poisoning(70.97%).June-September was the high incidence period of food poisoning incidents,mainly caused by bacterial and fungal(87.72%).The top five cities reporting the number of incidents were Enshi(22.11%),Shiyan(18.95%),Xiangyang(12.63%),Huangshi and Yichang(9.47%respectively).Cases in Enshi and Shiyan were mainly caused by fungal food poisoning,with 66.67%and 50.00%of the total number of events in the region respectively.Conclusion Most large-level incidents have high mortality.Bacteriality is the main factor causing food poisoning,and fungality is the main factor causing death.The family is the main place for food poisoning events,and most of them are fungal.For collective canteens there are many cases of food poisoning,and most of them are bacterial;June-September is a period of high incidence of food poisoning,mainly bacterial and fungal.Mountainous areas such as the northwest are high incidence areas of food poisoning,especially for fungal food poisoning event.

关 键 词：湖北省 食物中毒 流行特征 分析 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]