外语产出中的语音协同及影响因素  

Phonetic convergence in foreign language production and the modulating factors

作　　者：林洁绚[1] 陈小聪 蔡任栋[1] 严恒斌 LIN Jiexuan(Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou 510420,China)

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心,广东省广州市510420 [2]香港中文大学语言学及现代语言学系,中国香港新界沙田

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2020年第2期237-248,320,共13页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：教育部青年项目“外语语音协同影响因素的结构方程模型构建与应用研究”(18YJC740046);广东省社科共建项目“决策中外语优势的认知心理研究”(GD16XWW02);广东省高等教育“创新强校工程”项目“从CECL的设计理论看交际语言教学的哲学基础”(GWTP-LH-2015-01)的资助;广东外语外贸大学双语认知与发展实验室支持。

摘　　要：本研究旨在探究外语产出中语音协同的模式及影响因素,考察了中国英语学习者在接触英语母语者发音之前及之后的元音产出,并将其与母语者发音进行对比。研究发现,学习者接触后的元音发音比接触前的更接近母语者发音的声学特征,即发生了语音协同;通过混合效应模型建模发现两个语言因素,即接触之前的声学距离及元音类型,均能显著预测语音协同的程度:声学距离越大,发生协同变化的程度越大,不同元音引发的协同程度不同;且两因素存在交互作用。非语言因素,如学习者对母语者声音的好感度不能预测协同程度。本结果对语音协同机制的理论提出了新的挑战,同时对语音教学有所启示。To investigate whether there is phonetic convergence in foreign language production and how this phonetic convergence may be modulated by related linguistic and non-linguistic factors, the present study examined the English vowel production of Chinese English learners before and after their exposure to the production of an English native speaker. The analyses of the acoustic measurements of the vowels showed that compared with the pre-exposure production, the learners’ production after exposure was closer to the native speaker’s production, suggesting phonetic convergence in the learners. Furthermore, mixed-effects modeling indicated that the degree of convergence was predicted by two linguistic factors: the pre-exposure acoustic distance(between learners and native speakers) and the vowel type. The greater the distance, the stronger the convergence;different vowels elicited different degrees of convergence. Moreover, the effect of the pre-exposure distance was qualified by the vowel type. The non-linguistic factor, i.e., the attractiveness of the native speaker’s voice to the learners, did not predict the degree of convergence. The findings challenge the existing theories on the mechanism of phonetic convergence and have pedagogical implications for L2 pronunciation teaching.

关 键 词：语音协同 声学距离 元音类型 语言水平 

分 类 号：H319.3[语言文字—英语]