我国中部贫困地区中小学生营养状况分析  

Nutritional Status Among Primary and Secondary School Students in Poor Areas of Central China

作　　者：程茅伟[1] 欧阳英英[1] 李菁菁[1] 龚晨睿[1] CHENG Mao-wei;OU-YANG Ying-ying;LI Jing-jing;GONG Chen-rui(Hubei Provincial Center for Disease and Prevention,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,武汉430079

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2020年第4期75-78,共4页Food and Nutrition in China

基　　金：达能营养中心膳食营养研究与宣教基金项目(项目编号:DIC2013-04)。

摘　　要：目的:了解我国中部贫困地区中小学生营养状况,为制订学生营养干预政策提供科学依据。方法:采用分层抽样和随机整群抽样相结合的方法,从湖北省贫困农村地区中抽取8个县(市)32所中小学校,共5580名学生(男生2847名、女生2733名)。采用统一规定的方法对学生的身高和体重进行测量。结果:调查学生除6岁年龄组身高、体重外,其余各年龄组身高、体重均低于2010年全国农村同年龄段学生平均水平。营养不良率为16.0%,其中生长迟缓率和消瘦率分别为4.2%、12.6%,男生(18.7%)高于女生(13.2%);小学生(17.5%)高于初中生(12.9%);鄂西南、鄂西北、鄂东地区学生的营养不良率分别为19.1%、16.8%、11.2%。超重/肥胖率为9.1%,男生(10.5%)高于女生(7.5%),小学生(9.5%)高于初中生(8.0%);鄂西南、鄂西北、鄂东地区学生的超重/肥胖率分别为8.8%、6.9%、11.1%。结论:我国中部贫困地区学生体格发育水平普遍低于同期全国农村学生平均水平,问题堪忧;超重肥胖和营养不良并存,亟需采取针对性营养干预措施。【Objective】To analyze nutritional status among of rural primary and middle school students in poor areas of central China,and to provide scientific basis for nutrition intervention.【Method】A total of 5580 students(2847 boys and 2733 girls)were selected from 32 primary and high schools in 8 counties in poor rural areas of northeastern,central,northwestern,and southwestern Hubei province with combination of stratified sampling and random cluster samplingstratified cluster sampling.Height and weight were measured according to the standard methods.【Result】In addition to 6-year-old age group,the height and weight of the other age groups were lower than the national average level of the rural students for the same age in 2010.Malnutrition detection rate was 16.0%.Among which,the growth retardation rate and the thinning rate were 4.2%and 12.6%,respectively.Malnutrition detection rate was higher in boys than in girls,and also higher in primary school students than in junior middle school students.The malnutrition rates of students in southwestern Hubei,northwestern Hubei and eastern Hubei were 19.1%,16.8%,and 11.2%.The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 9.1%,higher in boys than in girls,higher in primary school students than in junior middle school students.The overweight/obesity rates of students in southwestern Hubei,northwestern Hubei,and eastern Hubei were 8.8%,6.9%,and 11.1%,respectively.【Conclusion】It is worrying that the physical development of students in poor areas of central China is generally lower than that of national average level of rural students in 2010.In addition to the presence of recent malnutrition in poor areas of central China,overweight and obesity also exist.Targeted improvement measures should be paid to this phnomenon.

关 键 词：中部贫困地区 中小学生 营养状况 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]