反式-2-己烯醛对梨果黑斑病菌Alternaria alternata的抑菌作用及其机理  

Inhibitory Effect and Mechanism of trans-2-Hexenal against Inoculated Alternaria alternata on Pear Fruit

作　　者：董玉鹏 孙萍 李永才 毕阳[1] 张苗 黄怡 张婷婷[1] DONG Yupeng;SUN Ping;LI Yongcai;BI Yang;ZHANG Miao;HUANG Yi;ZHANG Tingting(College of Food Science and Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《食品科学》2020年第7期191-197,共7页Food Science

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2018YFD0401302)。

摘　　要：本实验以梨果黑斑病菌Alternaria alternata为研究对象,采用滤纸片扩散法研究植物源挥发性物质反式-2-己烯醛对A. alternata生长的抑制作用和对黑斑病的控制作用,通过检测膜完整性进一步探讨其抑菌作用的机理。结果表明:反式-2-己烯醛能显著抑制A. alternata的孢子萌发和菌丝生长,且其抑制作用存在剂量效应,其中2.0μL/mL处理后A. alternata的孢子萌发率和菌落直径仅为对照的13.9%和36.67%,同时反式-2-己烯醛熏蒸处理能有效控制梨果黑斑病的扩展。进一步研究表明反式-2-己烯醛处理严重破坏了A. alternata细胞膜完整性,膜电导率和核酸渗出率显著增加(P<0.05)。此外,反式-2-己烯醛均不同程度上降低了A. alternata交链格孢酚单甲醚、链格孢酚、交链格烯和腾毒素4种毒素的产生量。上述结果表明反式-2-己烯醛能够通过破坏A. alternata细胞膜完整性和抑制其毒素的产生而降低A. alternata生长和致病性。The inhibitory effects of trans-2-hexenal, a plant-derived volatile substance, on the growth of Alternaria alternata and black spot development in pear fruit inoculated with this fungal pathogen were studied, and its underlying mechanism was also evaluated by examining cell membrane integrity. Results showed that trans-2-hexenal significantly inhibited the spore germination and mycelium growth of A. alternata in a concentration-dependent manner. The spore germination rate and colony diameter of A. alternata after treatment with 2.0 μL/mL were only 13.9% and 36.67% when compared with the control. At the same time, trans-2-hexenal fumigation treatment effectively reduced the development of pear black spot. Further research showed that the trans-2-hexenal treatment severely destroyed A. alternata cell integrity and significantly increased membrane conductivity and nucleic acid leakage rate(P < 0.05). Additionally, trans-2-hexenal treatment reduced the production of four mycotoxins in A. alternate including monomethyl ether, alternariol, altenuene and tentoxin to different extents. These findings suggested that the trans-2-hexenal might effectively reduce the growth and pathogenicity of A. alternata through damaging cell membrane integrity and decreasing mycotoxin production.

关 键 词：梨黑斑病 ALTERNARIA ALTERNATA 反式-2-己烯醛 抑菌活性 细胞膜 真菌毒素 

分 类 号：TS255.36[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]