论列奥·施特劳斯的诗与哲学之争  

On Leo Strauss’s Engagement in the Quarrel between Poetry and Philosophy

作　　者：朱海坤 Zhu Haikun(Research Institute of Aesthetics and Literary Criticism, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Guangdong 518060, China)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学美学与文艺批评研究院,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第2期29-35,共7页Journal of Chongqing Normal University(Edition of Social Sciences)

基　　金：2018年度广东省教育厅普通高校青年创新人才项目“列奥·施特劳斯与伽达默尔之争的学理研究”(2018WQNCX153)。

摘　　要：列奥·施特劳斯将古希腊的诗与哲学之争描述为阿里斯托芬与柏拉图针对苏格拉底的身份与品性问题的争论。《云》中的苏格拉底是一个缺乏政治智慧或审慎德性的自然哲人,其无爱欲性和非诗艺性对城邦造成了伤害。柏拉图对这些指控进行了针锋相对的辩驳。《会饮》贬低和否定了诗人的爱欲,肯定了哲人爱欲的至上性。《王制》不仅证实了哲人的政治智慧或审慎,而且建构了哲人独特的诗艺性。柏拉图从城邦伦理和哲学真理的双重角度对诗的批判彻底颠覆了阿里斯托芬所宣示的胜利,要求诗从属于哲学。施特劳斯对诗与哲学之争的阐释回应了尼采的苏格拉底批判,并从中孕育了古典政治哲学的主题。Leo Strauss saw the quarrel between poetry and philosophy as a debate about Socrates’identification and virtue between Aristophanes and Plato.Socrates had been depicted as a natural philosopher lacking of political wisdom and prudence in Aristophanes’Clouds.He has almost damaged the city due to his being unerotic and unpoetic.Plato had disputed all these critiques correspondingly.In Banquet,Socrates has depreciated and denied poets’opinions on Eros,and applauded that the philosopher owns the highest desire.In Republic,Plato affirmed the philosophers’political wisdom and formed their unique poetry.Moreover,Plato had overturned Aristophanes’triumph via his critique on poetry from the points of view both the characters of the city and the truth of philosophy.He required that poetry is subject to philosophy.Strauss’s reinterpretation on the quarrel between poetry and philosophy is a respond to Nietzsche’s critique of Socrates,and the theme of the classical political philosophy has been born.

关 键 词：诗与哲学之争 施特劳斯 古典政治哲学 苏格拉底 尼采 

分 类 号：B516.59[哲学宗教—外国哲学]