基于混沌理论的学校管理反思、批判与创新  

Reflection,Criticism and Innovation of School Management Based on Chaos Theory

作　　者：蔡林 CAI Lin(Ideological and Political Theory Teaching Department,Sichuan Institute of Industrial Technology,Deyang618500,China;School of Psychology,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin300378,China)

机构地区：[1]四川工业科技学院思想政治理论教学部,四川德阳618500 [2]天津师范大学心理学部,天津300387

出　　处：《武汉职业技术学院学报》2020年第1期30-33,共4页Journal of Wuhan Polytechnic

基　　金：四川省教育综合改革试点项目“双创背景下深化创新创业教育改革试点”(项目编号:G6-8);四川工业科技学院校级科研课题“慕课学习者学习投入影响机制研究”(项目编号:GKY19A10);四川工业科技学院校级教改课题“在线课程学习者学习投入对学习绩效的影响”(项目编号:CGKJG-19004)。

摘　　要：学校是一个开放、耗散且充满混沌现象的系统,学校管理者应有混沌理论的概念、知识、态度与敏锐度,重视学校内部的沟通与协调、反馈机制。但混沌理论易造成学校管理人员神经处于紧绷状态,且难以清楚说明哪些初始事件是学校管理者必须正视的因子,学校管理中奇异吸引子到底是什么,学校中人、事、物的互动关系无法完全加以预测。基于此,提出了六条学校管理创新性思维,即:未来感与使命感相统一,综观俯视全局进行顶层设计;危机感与敏觉性相统一,微观处理学校内外部环境的蝴蝶效应;领导力与沟通力相统一,以激励与权变来塑造混沌背景下的新管理范式;创造力与行动力相统一,在学校生态非线性的走向中积极自我突破;知识力与求知欲相统一,学校变革与奇异吸引子的寻求;说服力与活力相统一,视非均衡系统中的冲突为必然。School is an open,dissipative and chaotic system.School administrators should have the concept,knowledge,attitude and acuity of chaos theory,and they should pay attention to the communication,coordination and feedback mechanism within the school.However,chaos theory tend to cause nervous tension of school administrators,and it is difficult to clearly explain which initial events are the factors that school administrators must face up to.What is the strange attractor in school management?The interaction between people and things in school cannot be fully predicted.Based on this,six innovative thoughts of school management are provided,which are,the sense of future and the sense of mission should be unified,and the top-level design is carried out from a comprehensive perspective.Unifying the sense of crisis and the sense of sensitivity,microscopically deal with the butterfly effect of the school’s internal and external environment.Shape a new management paradigm in the chaotic background with motivation and contingency with the unity of leadership and communication.The unity of creativity and action force makes a positive self-breakthrough in the non-linear trend of school ecology.The unity of knowledge power and desire for knowledge can help school reform and the search for strange absorbers.The combination of persuasion and vitality makes the conflict in the unbalanced system inevitable.

关 键 词：混沌理论 学校管理 耗散结构 蝴蝶效应 奇异吸引子 反馈机制 

分 类 号：G47[文化科学—教育学]