我国民族职业教育政策的理性限度及超越——基于政策工具理论视角的文本量化研究  

The Rational Limits and Transcendence of China’s Ethnic Vocational Education Policy--Text Quantification Research Based on the Perspective of Policy Instrument Theory

作　　者：谢德新 邱佳 Xie Dexin;Qiu Jia(Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University,Guangzhou 510665)

机构地区：[1]广东技术师范大学教育科学与技术学院,广州510665

出　　处：《职业技术教育》2020年第7期33-41,共9页Vocational and Technical Education

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学“十三五”规划学科共建项目“粤港澳大湾区高职院校混合所有制办学机制研究”(GD18XJY10);广州市哲学社会科学发展“十三五”规划课题“粤港澳大湾区高技能人才培养机制研究”(2018GZQN42),主持人:谢德新。

摘　　要：民族职业教育政策是公共政策在职业教育领域的重要表达,也是政府发展民族职业教育的理性工具。但由于其是在现实条件基础上选择最优化的手段来实现目标,所以难以规避政策工具运用的“有限理性”。基于政策工具理论的视角,对改革开放40年来民族职业教育政策进行收集、整理、编码和量化分析,采用教育政策工具和教育发展要素的框架对其进行分析发现,我国民族职业教育政策在政策工具运用上存在能力限度、效率限度和可持续性限度。为了更好地超越其限度,未来我国民族职业教育政策应至少实现政策工具使用从“过溢”向“均衡”转变、运用自愿性政策工具实现由“政府主导”向“多元共治”转变和政策制定的“即时性”向“可持续性”转变。The ethnic vocational education policy is an important expression of the public policy in the field of vocational education,and also a rational tool for the government to develop ethnic vocational education.However,it is difficult to evade the“limited rationality”of the policy instrument application for it selects the most optimized means to achieve the goal based on realistic conditions.Based on the perspective of policy instrument theory,this paper collects,organizes,codes and quantifies the ethnic vocational education policy since the reform and opening-up.Analyzed by the framework of educational policy instruments and educational development factors,it shows capacity limits,efficiency limits and sustainability limits in the policy instrument application.In order to transcend its limits,China’s ethnic vocational education policy should at least make sure the transformation of policy instrument application from“overuse”to“balance”.Besides,it should achieve the transition from“government orientation”to“multi-governing”and the transition of the policy formulation from“immediacy”to“sustainability”via using voluntary policy instruments in the future.

关 键 词：民族职业教育 职业教育政策 理性限度 政策文本 政策工具 

分 类 号：G759.2[文化科学—教育学]