学校体育社团活动对初中生自我认识、心理健康的影响  

The Effect of School-based Sport Club Activities on Self-awareness and Mental Health in Middle School Students

作　　者：颜军[1,2] 郑骏妹 郭玮 王碧野 陶宝乐[1] YAN Jun;ZHANG Junmei;GUO Wei;WANG Biye;TAO Baole(Yangzhou University,College of Physical Education,Yangzhou 225127,China;Research Center of Students,Mental Health Sports Intervention in Jiangsu,Yangzhou 225127,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学体育学院,扬州225172 [2]江苏省学生心理健康运动干预研究中心,扬州225172

出　　处：《体育与科学》2020年第2期73-79,86,共8页Sports & Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学项目“基于学生核心素养的健康课外体育活动模式构建与实证研究”,项目号:BLA160068。

摘　　要：目的:探讨持续12周不同锻炼频率的学校体育社团活动对初中生自我认识和心理健康的影响,以及探究自我认识在体育社团影响心理健康的中介作用,为发展初中生体育与健康学科核心素养提供依据。方法:抽取城市初一、初二年级学生作为实验研究对象,将被试有效样本303人,分为对照组和不同锻炼频率的实验组,实验1组、2组每周分别参加2次和4次,每次40分钟的中大锻炼强度,对照组每周参加4次非体育社团活动。实验持续12周。采取团体测量方式,运用《儿童青少年自我认识量表》和《中学生心理健康量表》,分别在实验前和实验后进行测量。结果:(1)初中生在进行12周的运动干预后,自我认识在人际自我、体貌自我维度和总分上均表现出时间主效应(P<0.05);在人际自我、运动自我、体貌自我维度和总分均表现出组别主效应(P<0.05);(2) 12周的实验干预后,初中生的心理健康在人际和谐、考试镇静、情绪稳定维度和总分均表现出时间主效应(P<0.05);在人际和谐、考试镇静、情绪稳定维度总分上存在组别主效应(P<0.05);生活幸福、考试镇静维度以及总分上均表现出时间和组别的交互作用(P<0.05);(3)在参加每周4次中大运动强度的学校体育社团活动中自我认识对初中生心理健康具有中介作用。结论:(1)初中生持续参加不同频率的学校体育社团活动能提升自我认识水平和心理健康水平,其中每周参加4次体育社团活动的效果非常显著;(2)初中生每周参加4次中大运动强度的体育社团活动既可以直接促进心理健康,又可以通过自我认识间接促进心理健康。Objective:In order to provide the basis for developing students*core quality of physical education and health,the present study is aimed to explore the effect of sports club activities with different exercise frequency for 12 weeks on the mental health and self-awareness of middle school students,as well as the mediating role of self-awareness in the effect of school sport club activities on mental health.Method:303 students from junior and secondary students were selected as subjects by means of convenient sampling.They were allocated into 1 control group and 2 experimental groups.The experimental group 1 and group 2 carried out 2 or 4 times of sports club activities each week for 40 minutes every time.A 12-week moderate to vigorous exercise was conducted.The control group took part in club activities which were not included any physical activities.The"Psychological Health Scale for Middle School Students"and the"Self-Awareness Scale for Children and Adolescents"were used before and after the experimental intervention.Results:(1)After 12 weeks o￡experimental intervention,the self-awareness of middles school students had the main effect of time on interpersonal self,physical self-dimension and total score(P<0.05).There were main effects of group in the interpersonal self,sports self,physical self-dimension and total score(P<0.05).(2)After 12 weeks of experimental intervention,the mental health of junior high school students had the main effect of interpersonal harmony,test sedation,emotional stability dimension and total score(P<0.05).There were group main effects in interpersonal harmony,test sedation,emotional stability dimension and total score(P<0.05).And there were time and group interactions in life happinesst test sedation dimensions,and total scores(P<0.05).(3)Self-awareness showed the mediation role in the effect of 4 times a week school-based sport club activities with moder ate to vigorous intensity on mental health.Conclusions:(1)Sports club activities can improve self-awareness and mental health in

关 键 词：学校体育社团 体育锻炼频率 自我认识 心理健康 初中生 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]